The policy and the method to be used in establishing payment rates for each type of care or service (other than inpatient hospitalization, skilled nursing and intermediate care facilities) listed in § 1905(a) of the Social Security Act and included in this State Plan for Medical Assistance are described in the following paragraphs:

1. Reimbursement and payment criteria will be established which are designed to enlist participation of a sufficient number of providers of services in the program so that eligible persons can receive the medical care and services included in the Plan at least to the extent these are available to the general population.

2. Participation in the program will be limited to providers of services who accept, as payment in full, the state's payment plus any copayment required under the State Plan.

3. Payment for care or service will not exceed the amounts indicated to be reimbursed in accord with the policy and methods described in this Plan and payments will not be made in excess of the upper limits described in 42 CFR 447.304(a). The state agency has continuing access to data identifying the maximum charges allowed: such data will be made available to the Secretary, HHS, upon request.

4. Consistent with 42 CFR 447.26 and effective July 1, 2012, the Commonwealth shall not reimburse any other providers for (i) wrong surgical or other invasive procedure performed on a patient; (ii) surgical or other invasive procedure performed on the wrong body part; or (iii) surgical or other invasive procedure performed on the wrong patient.

A. Payments for services listed in this section shall be on the basis of reasonable cost following the standards and principles applicable to the Title XVIII Program with the exception provided for in subdivision D 1 e of this section. The upper limit for reimbursement shall be no higher than payments for Medicare patients in accordance with 42 CFR 447.321. In no instance, however, shall charges for beneficiaries of the program be in excess of charges for private patients receiving services from the provider. The professional component for emergency room physicians shall continue to be uncovered as a component of the payment to the facility.

B. Reasonable costs will be determined from the filing of a uniform Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services-approved cost report by participating providers. The cost reports are due not later than 150 days after the provider's fiscal year end. If a complete cost report is not received within 150 days after the end of the provider's fiscal year, DMAS or its designee shall take action in accordance with its policies to ensure that an overpayment is not being made. All cost reports shall be reviewed and reconciled to final costs within 180 days of the receipt of a completed cost report. The cost report will be judged complete when DMAS has all of the following:

1. Completed cost reporting form provided by DMAS, with signed certification;

2. The provider's trial balance showing adjusted journal entries;

3. The provider's financial statements including a balance sheet, a statement of income and expenses, a statement of retained earnings (or fund balance), and a statement of changes in financial position;

4. Schedules that reconcile financial statements and trial balance to expenses claimed in the cost report;

5. Depreciation schedule or summary;

6. Home office cost report, if applicable; and

7. Such other analytical information or supporting documents requested by DMAS when the cost reporting forms are sent to the provider.

C. Item 398 D of the 1987 Appropriation Act (as amended), effective April 8, 1987, eliminated reimbursement of return on equity capital to proprietary providers.

D. The services that are cost reimbursed are:

1. For dates of service prior to January 1, 2014, outpatient hospital services, including rehabilitation hospital outpatient services and excluding laboratory services.

a. Definitions. The following words and terms when used in this section shall have the following meanings when applied to emergency services unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"All-inclusive" means all emergency department and ancillary service charges claimed in association with the emergency room visit, with the exception of laboratory services.

"DMAS" means the Department of Medical Assistance Services consistent with Chapter 10 (§ 32.1-323 et seq.) of Title 32.1 of the Code of Virginia.

"Emergency hospital services" means services that are necessary to prevent the death or serious impairment of the health of the recipient. The threat to the life or health of the recipient necessitates the use of the most accessible hospital available that is equipped to furnish the services.

"Recent injury" means an injury that has occurred less than 72 hours prior to the emergency department visit.

b. Scope. DMAS shall differentiate, as determined by the attending physician's diagnosis, the kinds of care routinely rendered in emergency departments and reimburse for nonemergency care rendered in emergency departments at a reduced rate.

(1) With the exception of laboratory services, DMAS shall reimburse at a reduced and all-inclusive reimbursement rate for all services rendered in emergency departments that DMAS determines were nonemergency care.

(2) Services determined by the attending physician to be emergencies shall be reimbursed under the existing methodologies and at the existing rates.

(3) Services performed by the attending physician that may be emergencies shall be manually reviewed. If such services meet certain criteria, they shall be paid under the methodology for subdivision 1 b (2) of this subsection. Services not meeting certain criteria shall be paid under the methodology of subdivision 1 b (1) of this subsection. Such criteria shall include:

(a) The initial treatment following a recent obvious injury.

(b) Treatment related to an injury sustained more than 72 hours prior to the visit with the deterioration of the symptoms to the point of requiring medical treatment for stabilization.

(c) The initial treatment for medical emergencies, including indications of severe chest pain, dyspnea, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, spontaneous abortion, loss of consciousness, status epilepticus, or other conditions considered life threatening.

(d) A visit in which the recipient's condition requires immediate hospital admission or the transfer to another facility for further treatment or a visit in which the recipient dies.

(e) Services provided for acute vital sign changes as specified in the provider manual.

(f) Services provided for severe pain when combined with one or more of the other guidelines.

(4) Payment shall be determined based on ICD diagnosis codes and necessary supporting documentation. As used here, the term "ICD" is defined in 12VAC30-95-5.

(5) DMAS shall review on an ongoing basis the effectiveness of this program in achieving its objectives and for its effect on recipients, physicians, and hospitals. Program components may be revised subject to achieving program intent, the accuracy and effectiveness of the ICD code designations, and the impact on recipients and providers. As used here, the term "ICD" is defined in 12VAC30-95-5.

c. Limitation of allowable cost. Effective for services on and after July 1, 2003, reimbursement of Type Two hospitals for outpatient services shall be at various percentages as noted in subdivisions 1 c (1) and 1 c (2) of this subsection of allowable cost, with cost to be determined as provided in subsections A, B, and C of this section. For hospitals with fiscal years that do not begin on July 1, outpatient costs, both operating and capital, for the fiscal year in progress on that date shall be apportioned between the time period before and the time period after that date, based on the number of calendar months in the cost reporting period, falling before and after that date.

(1) Type One hospitals. Effective July 1, 2011, hospital outpatient operating reimbursement shall be at 90.2% of allowable cost and capital reimbursement shall be at 86% of allowable cost.

(2) Type Two hospitals. Effective July 1, 2011, hospital outpatient operating and capital reimbursement shall be 76% of allowable cost.

d. The last cost report with a fiscal year end on or after December 31, 2013, shall be used for reimbursement for dates of service through December 31, 2013, based on this section. Reimbursement shall be based on charges reported for dates of service prior to January 1, 2014. Settlement will be based on four months of runout from the end of the provider's fiscal year. Claims for services paid after the cost report runout period will not be settled.

e. Payment for direct medical education costs of nursing schools, paramedical programs, and graduate medical education for interns and residents.

(1) Direct medical education costs of nursing schools and paramedical programs shall continue to be paid on an allowable cost basis.

(2) Effective with cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 2002, direct graduate medical education (GME) costs for interns and residents shall be reimbursed on a per-resident prospective basis. See 12VAC30-70-281 for prospective payment methodology for graduate medical education for interns and residents.

2. Rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation.

a. Effective July 1, 2009, rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities that are operated by community services boards or state agencies shall be reimbursed their costs. For reimbursement methodology applicable to all other rehabilitation agencies, see 12VAC30-80-200.

b. Effective October 1, 2009, rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities operated by state agencies shall be reimbursed their costs. For reimbursement methodology applicable to all other rehabilitation agencies, see 12VAC30-80-200.

3. Supplemental payments to Type One hospitals for outpatient services.

a. In addition to payments for services set forth elsewhere in the State Plan, DMAS makes supplemental payments to qualifying state government owned or operated hospitals for outpatient services furnished to Medicare members on or after July 1, 2010. To qualify for a supplemental payment, the hospital must be part of the state academic health system or part of an academic health system that operates under a state authority.

b. The amount of the supplemental payment made to each qualifying hospital shall be equal to the difference between the total allowable cost and the amount otherwise actually paid for the services by the Medicaid program based on cost settlement.

c. Payment for furnished services under this section shall be paid at settlement of the cost report.

4. Supplemental payments for private hospital partners of Type One hospitals. Effective for dates of service on or after October 25, 2011, quarterly supplemental payments shall be issued to qualifying private hospitals for outpatient services rendered during the quarter. These quarterly supplemental payments will cease for dates of service on or after the effective date of State Plan amendments authorizing increased payments to qualifying hospitals from the Health Care Provider Rate Assessment Fund established pursuant to § 32.1-331.02 of the Code of Virginia and approved by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

a. In order to qualify for the supplemental payment, the hospital shall be enrolled currently as a Virginia Medicaid provider and shall be owned or operated by a private entity in which a Type One hospital has a nonmajority interest.

b. Reimbursement methodology.

(1) Hospitals not participating in the Medicaid disproportionate share hospital (DSH) program shall receive quarterly supplemental payments for the outpatient services rendered during the quarter. Each quarterly payment distribution shall occur not more than two years after the year in which the qualifying hospital's entitlement arises. The annual supplemental payments in a fiscal year shall be the lesser of:

(a) The difference between each qualifying hospital's outpatient Medicaid billed charges and Medicaid payments the hospital receives for services processed for fee-for-service Medicaid individuals during the fiscal year; or

(b) $1,894 per Medicaid outpatient visit for state plan rate year 2012. For future state plan rate years, this number shall be adjusted by inflation based on the Virginia moving average values as compiled and published by Global Insight (or its successor) under contract with DMAS.

(2) Hospitals participating in the DSH program shall receive quarterly supplemental payments for the outpatient services rendered during the quarter. Each quarterly payment distribution shall occur not more than two years after the year in which the qualifying hospital's entitlement arises. The annual supplemental payments in a fiscal year shall be the lesser of:

(a) The difference between each qualifying hospital's outpatient Medicaid billed charges and Medicaid payments the hospital receives for services processed for fee-for-service Medicaid individuals during the fiscal year;

(b) $1,894 per Medicaid outpatient visit for state plan rate year 2012. For future state plan rate years, this number shall be adjusted by inflation based on the Virginia moving average values as compiled and published by Global Insight (or its successor) under contract with DMAS; or

(c) The difference between the limit calculated under § 1923(g) of the Social Security Act and the hospital's DSH payments for the applicable payment period.

c. Limit. Maximum aggregate payments to all qualifying hospitals in this group shall not exceed the available upper payment limit per state fiscal year.

5. Supplemental outpatient payments for non-state-government-owned hospitals. Effective July 1, 2018, supplemental payments will be issued to qualifying non-state-government-owned hospitals for outpatient services provided to Medicaid patients.

a. Qualifying hospitals are all non-state-government-owned acute care hospitals.

b. The supplemental payment shall equal outpatient hospital claim payments times the upper payment limit (UPL) gap percentage.

(1) The annual UPL gap percentage is the percentage calculated where the numerator is the difference for each qualifying hospital between a reasonable estimate of the amount that would be paid under Medicare payment principles for outpatient hospital services provided to Medicaid patients, as calculated in accordance with 42 CFR 447.321, and what Medicaid paid for such services, and the denominator is Medicaid claim payments to all qualifying hospitals for outpatient hospital services provided to Medicaid patients in the same year used in the numerator.

(2) The annual UPL gap percentage will be calculated annually for each hospital using the most recent year for which comprehensive annual data are available and inflated to the state fiscal year for which payments are to be made.

6. Quarterly payments. After the close of each quarter, beginning with the July 1, 2018, to September 30, 2018, quarter, each qualifying hospital shall receive supplemental payments for the outpatient services paid during the prior quarter. The supplemental payments for each qualifying hospital for each quarter shall be calculated by multiplying the Medicaid outpatient hospital payments paid in that quarter by the annual UPL gap percentage for each hospital.

7. Supplemental outpatient payments for private acute care hospitals. Starting October 1, 2018, supplemental payments will be issued to qualifying private hospitals for outpatient services provided to Medicaid patients.

a. Definitions. See definitions in 12VAC30-70-429.

b. Qualifying criteria. Qualifying hospitals are all in-state private acute care hospitals, excluding public hospitals, freestanding psychiatric and rehabilitation hospitals, children's hospitals, long-stay hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals, and critical access hospitals. A qualifying hospital is the same as a "covered hospital" in § 32.1-331.02 of the Code of Virginia.

c. Reimbursement methodology. The supplemental payment shall equal outpatient hospital claim payments times the UPL gap percentage.

(1) The UPL gap percentage is the percentage calculated where the numerator is the UPL gap for outpatient services for private hospitals and the denominator is Medicaid claim payments to all qualifying hospitals for outpatient hospital services provided to Medicaid patients in the same year used in the numerator.

(2) The UPL gap percentage will be calculated annually.

d. Quarterly payments. After the close of each quarter, beginning with the quarter ending December 31, 2018, each qualifying hospital shall receive supplemental payments for the outpatient services paid during that quarter. The supplemental payments for each qualifying hospital for each quarter shall be calculated based on the Medicaid outpatient hospital payments paid in that quarter multiplied by the UPL gap percentage.

A. Reimbursement for all services furnished to individuals younger than 21 years of age who are residing in a freestanding psychiatric hospital shall be based on the freestanding psychiatric hospital reimbursement described in 12VAC30-70-415 12VAC30-71-230 and the reimbursement of services provided under arrangement described in 12VAC30-80 12VAC30-81.

B. Reimbursement for all services furnished to individuals younger than 21 years of age who are residing in a residential treatment center (Level C) shall be based on the residential treatment center (Level C) reimbursement described in 12VAC30-70-417 12VAC30-71-240 and the reimbursement of services provided under arrangement described in 12VAC30-80 12VAC30-81.

A. Consistent with the Benefits Improvement and Protection Act (BIPA) of 2000, Section 702, DMAS adopts the alternative payment methodology. This alternative payment methodology continues established reasonable cost reimbursement using Medicare principles of reimbursement. The Commonwealth shall make interim payments on a per visit basis and shall reconcile to actual costs via the year-end cost report. The methodology used to determine the payment amount is: (i) agreed to by the Commonwealth and the center or clinic and (ii) results in payment to the center or clinic of an amount that is at least equal to the PPS payment rate.

1. Newly qualified FQHCs/RHCs adopting the alternative payment methodology after federal fiscal year 2000 will have initial payments established through pro forma cost reporting methods.

2. At the end of the cost reporting cycle, the Commonwealth shall compare the alternative per visit rate to the PPS rate and reimburse the center/clinic the higher of the alternative rate or the PPS rate for the number of visits recorded during the reporting period.

B. In the event a FQHC/RHC does not select the alternative payment methodology, DMAS shall provide payment consistent with the new Prospective Payment System (PPS) as prescribed by the BIPA of 2000, Section 702.

1. Baseline PPS rate methodology. The PPS baseline payment period (January 1, 2001 - September 30, 2001) rate shall be determined by averaging 100% of the FQHCs/RHCs reasonable costs of providing Medicaid-covered services during the providers' 1999 and 2000 fiscal years, adjusted to take into account any increase or decrease in the scope of services furnished during provider FY 2001 by the FQHC/RHC (calculating the payment amount on a per visit basis). Beginning October 1, 2001, and for each fiscal year thereafter, each FQHC/RHC shall be entitled to the payment amount (on a per visit basis) to which the center or clinic was entitled under BIPA of 2000 in the previous fiscal year, adjusted by the percentage change in the Medicare Economic Index (MEI) for primary care services, and adjusted to take into account any increase or decrease in the scope of services furnished by the FQHC/RHC during its fiscal year.

2. For new FQHCs/RHCs that qualify on or after fiscal year 2000, DMAS will compare the new center/clinic to other centers/clinics in the same or adjacent areas, as defined by the current U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Metropolitan Statistical Area Component County List, issued by the Office of Management and Budget, with similar case loads for purposes of establishing an initial payment rate. If no comparable center/clinic exists, DMAS will compute a center/clinic-specific rate based upon the clinic's pro forma budget or historical costs adjusted for changes in scope of services. At the end of the first fiscal year, initial payments will be reconciled to equate to 100% of costs. After the initial year, payment shall be increased or decreased using the MEI and adjusted for changes in the scope of services as described in this section.

C. Supplemental payments. As specified in the BIPA of 2000, Section 702, in the case of services furnished by FQHC/RHC pursuant to a contract between the center and a managed care entity (MCE), provision is hereby made for payment to the center or clinic at least quarterly by the Commonwealth of a supplemental payment equal to the amount (if any) by which the amount determined under subsection A or B of this section exceeds the amount of the payments provided under such HMO contract.

1. Supplemental payments for FQHCs/RHCs selecting the alternative methodology. FQHCs/RHCs that provide services under a contract with an MCE will receive quarterly state supplemental payments for the cost of furnishing such services that are an estimate of the difference between the payments the FQHC/RHC receives from the MCE or MCEs and the payments the FQHC/RHC would have received under the alternative methodology. At the end of the FQHC's/RHC's fiscal year, the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC will be reviewed against the amount that the actual number of visits provided under the FQHC's/RHC's contract with MCE or MCEs would have yielded under the alternative methodology. If the alternative amount exceeds the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments, the FQHC/RHC will be paid the difference between the amount calculated using the alternative methodology and actual number of visits, and the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC. If the alternative amount is less than the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments, the FQHC/RHC will refund the difference to DMAS between the alternative amount calculated using the actual number of visits and the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC.

2. Supplemental payments for FQHCs/RHCs selecting the PPS methodology. FQHCs/RHCs that provide services under a contract with an MCE will receive quarterly state supplemental payments for the cost of furnishing such services that are an estimate of the difference between the payments the FQHC/RHC receives from MCEs and the payments the FQHC/RHC would have received under the BIPA PPS methodology. At the end of each FQHC's/RHC's fiscal year, the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC will be reviewed against the amount that the actual number of visits provided under the FQHC's/RHC's contract with MCE would have yielded under the PPS. If the PPS amount exceeds the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments, the FQHC/RHC will be paid the difference between the PPS amount calculated using the actual number of visits and the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC. If the PPS amount is less than the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments, the FQHC/RHC will refund to DMAS the difference between the PPS amount calculated using the actual number of visits and the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC.

D. These providers shall be subject to the same cost reporting submission requirements as specified in 12VAC30-80-20 for cost-based reimbursed providers.

A. Reimbursement for tribal health clinics.

1. Services provided by or through facilities of the Indian Health Services (IHS), including at the option of the tribe, facilities operated by a tribe or tribal organization, and funded by Title I or Title V of the Indian Self Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 (25 USC § 5301 et seq.), also known as tribal 638 facilities, are paid at the applicable IHS U.S. Office of Management & Budget (OMB) rate published annually in the Federal Register of Regulations by IHS.

2. The most current published IHS OMB outpatient per visit rate, also known as the outpatient all-inclusive rate, is paid for up to five outpatient visits per beneficiary per calendar day for professional services. An outpatient visit is defined as a face-to-face or telemedicine contact between any health care professional at or through the IHS facility authorized to provide services under the State Plan and a beneficiary for the provision of Title XIX defined services, as documented in the beneficiary's medical record.

3. Included in the outpatient per visit rate are Medicaid-covered pharmaceuticals or drugs, dental services, rehabilitative services, behavioral health services, ancillary services, and emergency room services provided on-site, and medical supplies incidental to the services provided to the beneficiary.

B. Virginia Medicaid reimburses tribal 638 facilities in accordance with the most recently published annual update of reimbursement rates for Indian Health Services, which is published in the Federal Register of Regulations and on the Indian Health Services website at https://www.ihs.gov on the page for reimbursement rates. Encounters or visits are limited to health care professionals as approved under the Virginia Medicaid State Plan. A tribal health program selecting to enroll as a federally qualified health center (FQHC) and agreeing to an alternate payment methodology (APM) will be paid using the APM.

C. Alternative payment methodology for tribal facilities recognized as FQHCs

1. Outpatient health programs or facilities operated by a tribe or tribal organization that choose to be recognized as FQHCs in accordance with § 1905 (I)(2)(B) of the Social Security Act and the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 (25 USC § 5301 et seq.) will be paid using an APM for services, that is the published, all-inclusive rate (AIR). The APM/AIR rate is paid for up to five face-to-face encounters or visits per recipient per day.

2. The individual FQHC must agree to receive the APM. If a tribal FQHC does not agree to accept the APM, the Department of Medical Assistance Services shall seek accommodation with the FQHC, which may include submitting a State Plan amendment to authorize an alternative means of reimbursement for the FQHC.

A. Payment for the following services, except for physician services, shall be the lower of the state agency fee schedule (12VAC30-80-190 has information about the state agency fee schedule) or actual charge (charge to the general public). Except as otherwise noted in this section, state developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private individual practitioners. The state agency fee schedule is published on the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) website at http://www.dmas.virginia.gov/#/searchcptcodes.

1. Physician services. Payment for physician services shall be the lower of the state agency fee schedule or actual charge (charge to the general public), except that emergency room services 99282-99284 with a principal diagnosis on the Preventable Emergency Room Diagnosis List shall be reimbursed the rate for 99281. The Preventable Emergency Room Diagnosis List shall be based on the list used for managed care organization clinical efficiency rate adjustments.

2. Dental services. Dental services, dental provider qualifications, and dental service limits are identified in 12VAC30-50-190. Dental services are paid based on procedure codes, which are listed in the agency's fee schedule. Except as otherwise noted, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private individual practitioners.

3. Mental health services.

a. Professional services furnished by nonphysicians as described in 12VAC30-50-150. These services are reimbursed using current procedural technology (CPT) codes. The agency's fee schedule rate is based on the methodology as described in subsection A of this section.

(1) Services provided by licensed clinical psychologists shall be reimbursed at 90% of the reimbursement rate for psychiatrists in subdivision A 1 of this section.

(2) Services provided by independently enrolled licensed clinical social workers, licensed professional counselors, licensed clinical nurse specialists-psychiatric, or licensed marriage and family therapists shall be reimbursed at 75% of the reimbursement rate for licensed clinical psychologists.

b. Intensive in-home services are reimbursed on an hourly unit of service. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

c. Therapeutic day treatment services are reimbursed based on the following units of service: one unit equals two to 2.99 hours per day; two units equals three to 4.99 hours per day; three units equals five or more hours per day. No room and board is included in the rates for therapeutic day treatment. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

d. Therapeutic group home services (formerly called level A and level B group home services) shall be reimbursed based on a daily unit of service. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

e. Therapeutic day treatment or partial hospitalization services shall be reimbursed based on the following units of service: one unit equals two to three hours per day; two units equals four to 6.99 hours per day; three units equals seven or more hours per day. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

f. Psychosocial rehabilitation services shall be reimbursed based on the following units of service: one unit equals two to 3.99 hours per day; two units equals four to 6.99 hours per day; three units equals seven or more hours per day. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

g. Crisis intervention services shall be reimbursed on the following units of service: one unit equals two to 3.99 hours per day; two units equals four to 6.99 hours per day; three units equals seven or more hours per day. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

h. Intensive community treatment services shall be reimbursed on an hourly unit of service. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

i. Crisis stabilization services shall be reimbursed on an hourly unit of service. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

j. Independent living and recovery services (previously called mental health skill building services) shall be reimbursed based on the following units of service: one unit equals one to 2.99 hours per day; two units equals three to 4.99 hours per day. The agency's rates are set as of July 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date.

4. Podiatry.

5. Nurse-midwife services.

6. Durable medical equipment (DME) and supplies.

Definitions. The following words and terms when used in this section shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"DMERC" means the Durable Medical Equipment Regional Carrier rate as published by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services at http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/DMEPOSFeeSched/DMEPOS-Fee-Schedule.html.

"HCPCS" means the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System, Medicare's National Level II Codes, HCPCS 2006 (Eighteenth edition), as published by Ingenix, as may be periodically updated.

a. Obtaining prior authorization shall not guarantee Medicaid reimbursement for DME.

b. The following shall be the reimbursement method used for DME services:

(1) If the DME item has a DMERC rate, the reimbursement rate shall be the DMERC rate minus 10%. For dates of service on or after July 1, 2014, DME items subject to the Medicare competitive bidding program shall be reimbursed the lower of:

(a) The current DMERC rate minus 10%; or

(b) The average of the Medicare competitive bid rates in Virginia markets.

(2) For DME items with no DMERC rate, the agency shall use the agency fee schedule amount. The reimbursement rates for DME and supplies shall be listed in the DMAS Medicaid Durable Medical Equipment (DME) and Supplies Listing and updated periodically. The agency fee schedule shall be available on the agency website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

(3) If a DME item has no DMERC rate or agency fee schedule rate, the reimbursement rate shall be the manufacturer's net charge to the provider, less shipping and handling, plus 30%. The manufacturer's net charge to the provider shall be the cost to the provider minus all available discounts to the provider. Additional information specific to how DME providers, including manufacturers who are enrolled as providers, establish and document their costs for DME codes that do not have established rates can be found in the relevant agency guidance document.

c. DMAS shall have the authority to amend the agency fee schedule as it deems appropriate and with notice to providers. DMAS shall have the authority to determine alternate pricing, based on agency research, for any code that does not have a rate.

d. Certain durable medical equipment used for intravenous therapy and oxygen therapy shall be bundled under specified procedure codes and reimbursed as determined by the agency. Certain services or durable medical equipment such as service maintenance agreements shall be bundled under specified procedure codes and reimbursed as determined by the agency.

(1) Intravenous therapies. The DME for a single therapy, administered in one day, shall be reimbursed at the established service day rate for the bundled durable medical equipment and the standard pharmacy payment, consistent with the ingredient cost as described in 12VAC30-80-40, plus the pharmacy service day and dispensing fee. Multiple applications of the same therapy shall be included in one service day rate of reimbursement. Multiple applications of different therapies administered in one day shall be reimbursed for the bundled durable medical equipment service day rate as follows: the most expensive therapy shall be reimbursed at 100% of cost; the second and all subsequent most expensive therapies shall be reimbursed at 50% of cost. Multiple therapies administered in one day shall be reimbursed at the pharmacy service day rate plus 100% of every active therapeutic ingredient in the compound (at the lowest ingredient cost methodology) plus the appropriate pharmacy dispensing fee.

(2) Respiratory therapies. The DME for oxygen therapy shall have supplies or components bundled under a service day rate based on oxygen liter flow rate or blood gas levels. Equipment associated with respiratory therapy may have ancillary components bundled with the main component for reimbursement. The reimbursement shall be a service day per diem rate for rental of equipment or a total amount of purchase for the purchase of equipment. Such respiratory equipment shall include oxygen tanks and tubing, ventilators, noncontinuous ventilators, and suction machines. Ventilators, noncontinuous ventilators, and suction machines may be purchased based on the individual patient's medical necessity and length of need.

(3) Service maintenance agreements. Provision shall be made for a combination of services, routine maintenance, and supplies, to be known as agreements, under a single reimbursement code only for equipment that is recipient owned. Such bundled agreements shall be reimbursed either monthly or in units per year based on the individual agreement between the DME provider and DMAS. Such bundled agreements may apply to, but not necessarily be limited to, either respiratory equipment or apnea monitors.

7. Local health services.

8. Laboratory services (other than inpatient hospital). The agency's rates for clinical laboratory services were set as of July 1, 2014, and are effective for services on or after that date.

9. Payments to physicians who handle laboratory specimens, but do not perform laboratory analysis (limited to payment for handling).

10. X-ray services.

11. Optometry services.

12. Reserved.

13. Home health services. Effective June 30, 1991, cost reimbursement for home health services is eliminated. A rate per visit by discipline shall be established as set forth by 12VAC30-80-180.

14. Physical therapy; occupational therapy; and speech, hearing, language disorders services when rendered to noninstitutionalized recipients.

15. Clinic services, as defined under 42 CFR 440.90, except for services in ambulatory surgery clinics reimbursed under 12VAC30-80-35.

16. Supplemental payments for services provided by Type I physicians.

a. In addition to payments for physician services specified elsewhere in this chapter, DMAS provides supplemental payments to Type I physicians for furnished services provided on or after July 2, 2002. A Type I physician is (i) a member of a practice group organized by or under the control of a state academic health system or an academic health system that operates under a state authority and includes a hospital, and (ii) a physician who has entered into contractual agreements for the assignment of payments in accordance with 42 CFR 447.10.

b. The methodology for determining the Medicare equivalent of the average commercial rate is described in 12VAC30-80-300.

c. Supplemental payments shall be made quarterly no later than 90 days after the end of the quarter.

d. Effective May 1, 2017, the supplemental payment amount for Type I physician services shall be the difference between the Medicaid payments otherwise made for physician services and 258% of Medicare rates.

17. Supplemental payments for services provided by physicians at Virginia freestanding children's hospitals.

a. In addition to payments for physician services specified elsewhere in this chapter, DMAS provides supplemental payments to Virginia freestanding children's hospital physicians providing services at freestanding children's hospitals with greater than 50% Medicaid inpatient utilization in state fiscal year 2009 for furnished services provided on or after July 1, 2011. A freestanding children's hospital physician is a member of a practice group (i) organized by or under control of a qualifying Virginia freestanding children's hospital, or (ii) who has entered into contractual agreements for provision of physician services at the qualifying Virginia freestanding children's hospital and that is designated in writing by the Virginia freestanding children's hospital as a practice plan for the quarter for which the supplemental payment is made subject to DMAS approval. The freestanding children's hospital physicians also must have entered into contractual agreements with the practice plan for the assignment of payments in accordance with 42 CFR 447.10.

b. Effective July 1, 2015, the supplemental payment amount for freestanding children's hospital physician services shall be the difference between the Medicaid payments otherwise made for freestanding children's hospital physician services and 178% of Medicare rates as defined in the supplemental payment calculation for Type I physician services. Payments shall be made on the same schedule as Type I physicians.

18. Supplemental payments for services provided by physicians affiliated with Eastern Virginia Medical Center.

a. In addition to payments for physician services specified elsewhere in this chapter, the Department of Medical Assistance Services provides supplemental payments to physicians affiliated with Eastern Virginia Medical Center for furnished services provided on or after October 1, 2012. A physician affiliated with Eastern Virginia Medical Center is a physician who is employed by a publicly funded medical school that is a political subdivision of the Commonwealth of Virginia, who provides clinical services through the faculty practice plan affiliated with the publicly funded medical school, and who has entered into contractual arrangements for the assignment of payments in accordance with 42 CFR 447.10.

b. Effective November 1, 2018, the supplemental payment amount shall be the difference between the Medicaid payments otherwise made for physician services and 145% of the Medicare rates. The methodology for determining the Medicare equivalent of the average commercial rate is described in 12VAC30-80-300.

c. Supplemental payments shall be made quarterly, no later than 90 days after the end of the quarter.

19. Supplemental payments for services provided by physicians at freestanding children's hospitals serving children in Planning District 8.

a. In addition to payments for physician services specified elsewhere in this chapter, DMAS shall make supplemental payments for physicians employed at a freestanding children's hospital serving children in Planning District 8 with more than 50% Medicaid inpatient utilization in fiscal year 2014. This applies to physician practices affiliated with Children's National Health System.

b. The supplemental payment amount for qualifying physician services shall be the difference between the Medicaid payments otherwise made and 178% of Medicare rates but no more than $551,000 for all qualifying physicians. The methodology for determining allowable percent of Medicare rates is based on the Medicare equivalent of the average commercial rate described in this chapter.

c. Supplemental payments shall be made quarterly no later than 90 days after the end of the quarter. Any quarterly payment that would have been due prior to the approval date shall be made no later than 90 days after the approval date.

20. Supplemental payments to non-state-government-owned or operated clinics.

a. In addition to payments for clinic services specified elsewhere in this chapter, DMAS provides supplemental payments to qualifying non-state-government-owned or government-operated clinics for outpatient services provided to Medicaid patients on or after July 2, 2002. Clinic means a facility that is not part of a hospital but is organized and operated to provide medical care to outpatients. Outpatient services include those furnished by or under the direction of a physician, dentist, or other medical professional acting within the scope of the medical professional's license to an eligible individual. Effective July 1, 2005, a qualifying clinic is a clinic operated by a community services board. The state share for supplemental clinic payments will be funded by general fund appropriations.

b. The amount of the supplemental payment made to each qualifying non-state-government-owned or government-operated clinic is determined by:

(1) Calculating for each clinic the annual difference between the upper payment limit attributed to each clinic according to subdivision 20 d of this subsection and the amount otherwise actually paid for the services by the Medicaid program;

(2) Dividing the difference determined in subdivision 20 b (1) of this subsection for each qualifying clinic by the aggregate difference for all such qualifying clinics; and

(3) Multiplying the proportion determined in subdivision 20 b (2) of this subsection by the aggregate upper payment limit amount for all such clinics as determined in accordance with 42 CFR 447.321 less all payments made to such clinics other than under this section.

c. Payments for furnished services made under this section will be made annually in a lump sum during the last quarter of the fiscal year.

d. To determine the aggregate upper payment limit referred to in subdivision 20 b (3) of this subsection, Medicaid payments to non-state-government-owned or government-operated clinics will be divided by the "additional factor" whose calculation is described in 12VAC30-80-190 B 2 in regard to the state agency fee schedule for Resource Based Relative Value Scale. Medicaid payments will be estimated using payments for dates of service from the prior fiscal year adjusted for expected claim payments. Additional adjustments will be made for any program changes in Medicare or Medicaid payments.

21. Personal assistance services (PAS) or personal care services for individuals enrolled in the Medicaid Buy-In program described in 12VAC30-60-200 or covered under Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT), and respite services covered under EPSDT. These services are reimbursed in accordance with the state agency fee schedule described in 12VAC30-80-190. The state agency fee schedule is published on the DMAS website at http://www.dmas.virginia.gov. The agency's rates, based upon one-hour increments, were set as of July 1, 2020, and shall be effective for services on and after that date.

22. Private duty nursing services covered under EPSDT are reimbursed based on an hourly unit of service in accordance with the state agency fee schedule. The fee schedule is the same for both governmental and private providers and was set as of July 1, 2016, and shall be effective for services provided on and after that date. The state agency fee schedule is published on the DMAS website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/.

23. Supplemental payments to state-owned or state-operated clinics.

a. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2015, DMAS shall make supplemental payments to qualifying state-owned or state-operated clinics for outpatient services provided to Medicaid patients on or after July 1, 2015. Clinic means a facility that is not part of a hospital but is organized and operated to provide medical care to outpatients. Outpatient services include those furnished by or under the direction of a physician, dentist, or other medical professional acting within the scope of the medical professional's license to an eligible individual.

b. The amount of the supplemental payment made to each qualifying state-owned or state-operated clinic is determined by calculating for each clinic the annual difference between the upper payment limit attributed to each clinic according to subdivision 19 b of this subsection and the amount otherwise actually paid for the services by the Medicaid program.

c. Payments for furnished services made under this section shall be made annually in lump sum payments to each clinic.

d. To determine the upper payment limit for each clinic referred to in subdivision 19 b of this subsection, the state payment rate schedule shall be compared to the Medicare resource-based relative value scale nonfacility fee schedule per Current Procedural Terminology code for a base period of claims. The base period claims shall be extracted from the Medical Management Information System and exclude crossover claims.

B. Hospice services payments must be no lower than the amounts using the same methodology used under Part A of Title XVIII, and take into account the room and board furnished by the facility. As of July 1, 2019, payments for hospice services in a nursing facility are 100% of the rate that would have been paid by the state under the plan for facility services in that facility for that individual. Hospice services shall be paid according to the location of the service delivery and not the location of the agency's home office.

C. Effective July 1, 2019, the telehealth originating site facility fee shall be increased to 100% of the Medicare rate and shall reflect changes annually based on changes in the Medicare rate. Federally qualified health centers and rural health centers are exempt from this reimbursement change.

A. Physician services described in 12VAC30-50-140, other licensed practitioner services described in 12VAC30-50-150, and clinic services described in 12VAC30-50-180 for assessment and evaluation or treatment of substance use disorders shall be reimbursed using the methodology in 12VAC30-80-30 and 12VAC30-80-190 subject to the following reductions for psychotherapy services for other licensed practitioners.

1. Psychotherapy and substance use disorder counseling services of licensed clinical psychologists shall be reimbursed at 90% of the reimbursement rate for psychiatrists.

2. Psychotherapy and substance use disorder counseling services provided by independently enrolled licensed clinical social workers, licensed professional counselors, licensed marriage and family therapists, licensed psychiatric nurse practitioners, licensed substance abuse treatment practitioners, or registered clinical nurse specialists-psychiatric shall be reimbursed at 75% of the reimbursement rate for licensed clinical psychologists.

3. The same rates shall be paid to governmental and private providers. These services are reimbursed based on the Common Procedural Terminology codes and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes. The agency's rates were set as of July 1, 2007, and are updated as described in 12VAC30-80-190. All rates are published on the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) website at http://www.dmas.virginia.gov.

B. Rates for the following preferred office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) services and opioid treatment programs shall be based on the agency fee schedule: (i) initiation of medication assisted treatment with a visit unit of service; (ii) individual and group substance use disorder counseling and psychotherapy with a 15-minute unit of service; and (iii) substance use care coordination with a monthly unit of service. The agency's rates shall be set as of April 1, 2017. The Medicaid and commercial rates for similar services as well as the cost for providing services shall be considered when establishing the fee schedules so that payments shall be consistent with economy, efficiency, and quality of care. The same rates shall be paid to public and private providers. All rates are published on the DMAS website at http://www.dmas.virginia.gov.

C. Community ARTS rehabilitation services. Per diem rates for partial hospitalization (ASAM Level 2.5) and intensive outpatient services (ASAM Level 2.1) for ARTS shall be based on the agency fee schedule. The Medicaid and commercial rates for similar services as well as the cost for providing services shall be considered when establishing the fee schedules so that payments shall be consistent with economy, efficiency, and quality of care. The same rates shall be paid to governmental and private providers. The agency's rates shall be set as of April 1, 2017, and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the DMAS website at http://www.dmas.virginia.gov.

D. Reimbursement for all clinically managed low intensity residential (ASAM Level 3.1) services shall be based on the therapeutic group home (Level B) reimbursement described in 12VAC30-80-30.

E. ARTS federally qualified health center or rural health clinic services (ASAM Level 1.0) for assessment and evaluation or treatment of substance use disorder, as described in 12VAC30-130-5000 et seq., shall be reimbursed using the methodology described in 12VAC30-80-25.

F. Substance use case management services. Substance use case management services, as described in 12VAC30-50-491, shall be reimbursed a monthly rate based on the agency fee schedule. The Medicaid and commercial rates for similar services as well as the cost for providing services shall be considered when establishing the fee schedules so that payment shall be consistent with economy, efficiency, and quality of care. The same rates shall be paid to governmental and private providers. The agency's rates shall be set as of April 1, 2017, and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the DMAS website at http://www.dmas.virginia.gov.

G. Peer support services. Peer support services as described in 12VAC30-130-5160 through 12VAC30-130-5210 furnished by enrolled providers or provider agencies as described in 12VAC30-130-5190 shall be reimbursed based on the agency fee schedule for 15-minute units of service. The agency's rates set as of July 1, 2017, are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the DMAS website at http://www.dmas.virginia.gov.

A. Definitions: The following words and terms when used in this part shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Ambulatory Patient Group (APG)" means a defined group of outpatient procedures, encounters, or ancillary services that incorporates International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnosis codes, Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes, and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes.

"APG relative weight" means the relative expected average costs for each APG divided by the relative expected average costs for visits assigned to all APGs.

B. Effective July 1, 2010, the prospective Ambulatory Patient Group (APG)-based payment system described as follows shall apply to Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) services:

1. The operating payments for ASC visits shall be determined on the basis of a base rate per visit times the relative weight of the APG to which the visit is assigned.

2. The APG relative weights shall be the weights determined and published periodically by DMAS. The weights shall be updated at least every three years.

3. The base rate shall be adjusted by the budget neutrality factor (BNF) to ensure that no increase in expenditures occurs as a result of updates to the relative weights. The base period used to adjust the base rate shall be a recent 12-month period prior to the fiscal year that the new base rates will be effective.

4. The operating payment shall represent total allowable amount for a visit including ancillary services.

C. The Ambulatory Patient Group (APG) grouper used in the ASC payment system for ASCs shall be determined by DMAS. Providers or provider representatives shall be given notice prior to implementing a new grouper.

A. Definitions. The following words and terms when used in this section shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Base year" means the state fiscal year for which data is used to establish the EAPG base rate. The base year will change when the EAPG payment system is rebased and recalibrated. In subsequent rebasings, the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) shall notify affected providers of the base year to be used in this calculation.

"Cost" means the reported cost as described in 12VAC30-80-20 A and B.

"Cost-to-charge ratio" equals the hospital's total costs divided by the hospital's total charges. The cost-to-charge ratio shall be calculated using data from cost reports from hospital fiscal years ending in the state fiscal year used as the base year.

"Enhanced ambulatory patient group" or "EAPG" means a defined group of outpatient procedures, encounters, or ancillary services that incorporates International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnosis codes, Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes, and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes.

"EAPG relative weight" means the expected average costs for each EAPG divided by the relative expected average costs for visits assigned to all EAPGs.

"Medicare wage index" means the Medicare wage index published annually in the Federal Register by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. The indices used in this section shall be those in effect in the base year.

B. Effective January 1, 2014, the prospective enhanced ambulatory patient group (EAPG) based payment system described in this subsection shall apply to reimbursement for outpatient hospital services (with the exception of laboratory services referred to the hospital but not associated with an outpatient hospital visit, which will be reimbursed according to the laboratory fee schedule).

1. The payments for outpatient hospital visits shall be determined on the basis of a hospital-specific base rate per visit multiplied by the relative weight of the EAPG (and the payment action) assigned for each of the services performed during a hospital visit.

2. The EAPG relative weights shall be the weights determined and published periodically by DMAS and shall be consistent with applicable Medicaid reimbursement limits and policies. The weights shall be updated at least every three years.

3. The statewide base rate shall be equal to the total costs described in this subdivision divided by the wage-adjusted sum of the EAPG weights for each facility. The wage-adjusted sum of the EAPG weights shall equal the sum of the EAPG weights multiplied by the labor percentage times the hospital's Medicare wage index plus the sum of the EAPG weights multiplied by the nonlabor percentage. The base rate shall be determined for outpatient hospital services at least every three years so that total expenditures will equal the following:

a. When using base years prior to January 1, 2014, for all services, excluding all laboratory services and emergency services described in subdivision 3 c of this subsection, a percentage of costs as reported in the available cost reports for the base period for each type of hospital as defined in 12VAC30-70-221.

(1) Type One hospitals. Effective January 1, 2014, hospital outpatient operating reimbursement shall be calculated at 90.2% of cost, and capital reimbursement shall be at 86% of cost inflated to the rate year.

(2) Type Two hospitals. Effective January 1, 2014, hospital outpatient operating and capital reimbursement shall be calculated at 76% of cost inflated to the rate year.

(3) When using base years after January 1, 2014, the percentages described in subdivision 3 a of this subsection shall be adjusted according to subdivision 3 c of this subsection.

(4) For critical access hospitals, effective July 1, 2019, the operating rate shall be based on an adjustment factor equal to 100% of cost reimbursement.

b. Laboratory services, excluding laboratory services referred to the hospital but not associated with a hospital visit, are calculated at the fee schedule in effect for the rate year.

c. Services rendered in emergency departments determined to be nonemergencies as prescribed in 12VAC30-80-20 D 1 b shall be calculated at the nonemergency reduced rate reported in the base year for base years prior to January 1, 2014. For base years after January 1, 2014, the cost percentages in subdivision 3 a of this subsection shall be adjusted to reflect services paid at the nonemergency reduced rate in the last year prior to January 1, 2014.

d. Effective July 1, 2020, reimbursement for claims with procedure codes 99281-99284 and a principal diagnosis code on the Preventable Emergency Room Diagnosis List shall be based on an all-inclusive EAPG payment weight for claims with CPT 99281 and a principal diagnosis code on the Preventable Emergency Room Listing. All other procedures on the outpatient hospital claim shall be packaged in the all inclusive payment for 99281-99284. DMAS shall calculate the all-inclusive payment weight for claims with 99281 using data from the most recent rebasing. The Preventable Emergency Room Diagnosis List shall be based on the list used for managed care organization clinical efficiency rate adjustments.

4. Inflation adjustment to base year costs. Each July, the Virginia moving average values as compiled and published by Global Insight (or its successor), under contract with DMAS, shall be used to update the base year costs to the midpoint of the rate year. The most current table available prior to the effective date of the new rates shall be used to inflate base year amounts to the upcoming rate year. Thus, corrections made by Global Insight (or its successor) in the moving averages that were used to update rates for previous state fiscal years shall be automatically incorporated into the moving averages that are being used to update rates for the upcoming state fiscal year. Inflation shall be applied to the costs identified in subdivision 3 a of this subsection. The inflation adjustment for state fiscal year 2017 shall be 50% of the full inflation adjustment calculated according to this section. There shall be no inflation adjustment for state fiscal year 2018. A full inflation adjustment shall be made in both fiscal year 2017 and fiscal year 2018 to Virginia freestanding children's hospitals with greater than 50% Medicaid utilization in 2009.

5. Hospital-specific base rate. The hospital-specific base rate per case shall be adjusted for geographic variation. The hospital-specific base rate shall be equal to the labor portion of the statewide base rate multiplied by the hospital's Medicare wage index plus the nonlabor percentage of the statewide base rate. The labor percentage shall be determined at each rebasing based on the most recently reliable data. For rural hospitals, the hospital's Medicare wage index used to calculate the base rate shall be the Medicare wage index of the nearest metropolitan wage area or the effective Medicare wage index, whichever is higher. A base rate differential of 5.0% shall be established for freestanding Type Two children's hospitals. The base rate for non-cost-reporting hospitals shall be the average of the hospital-specific base rates of in-state Type Two hospitals.

6. The total payment shall represent the total allowable amount for a visit including ancillary services and capital.

7. The transition from cost-based reimbursement to EAPG reimbursement shall be transitioned over a four-year period. DMAS shall calculate a cost-based base rate at January 1, 2014, and at each rebasing during the transition.

a. Effective for dates of service on or after January 1, 2014, DMAS shall calculate the hospital-specific base rate as the sum of 75% of the cost-based base rate and 25% of the EAPG base rate.

b. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2014, DMAS shall calculate the hospital-specific base rate as the sum of 50% of the cost-based base rate and 50% of the EAPG base rate.

c. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2015, DMAS shall calculate the hospital-specific base rate as the sum of 25% of the cost-based base rate and 75% of the EAPG base rate.

d. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2016, DMAS shall calculate the hospital-specific base rate as the EAPG base rate.

8. To maintain budget neutrality during the first six years of the transition to EAPG reimbursement, DMAS shall compare the total reimbursement of hospital claims based on the parameters in subdivision 3 of this subsection to EAPG reimbursement every six months based on the six months of claims ending three months prior to the potential adjustment. If the percentage difference between the reimbursement target in subdivision 3 of this subsection and EAPG reimbursement is greater than 1.0%, plus or minus, DMAS shall adjust the statewide base rate by the percentage difference the following July 1 or January 1. The first possible adjustment would be January 1, 2015, using reimbursement between January 1, 2014, and October 31, 2014.

C. The enhanced ambulatory patient group (EAPG) grouper version used for outpatient hospital services shall be determined by DMAS. Providers or provider representatives shall be given notice prior to implementing a new grouper.

D. The primary data sources used in the development of the EAPG payment methodology are the DMAS hospital computerized claims history file and the cost report file. The claims history file captures available claims data from all enrolled, cost-reporting general acute care hospitals. The cost report file captures audited cost and charge data from all enrolled general acute care hospitals. The following table identifies key data elements that are used to develop the EAPG payment methodology. DMAS may supplement this data with similar data for Medicaid services furnished by managed care organizations if DMAS determines that it is reliable.

A. Payment for covered outpatient legend and nonlegend drugs dispensed by a retail community pharmacy will include the drug ingredient cost plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. The drug ingredient cost reimbursement shall be the lowest of:

1. The national average drug acquisition cost (NADAC) of the drug, the federal upper limit (FUL), or the provider's usual and customary (U&C) charge to the public as identified by the claim charge; or

2. When no NADAC is available, DMAS shall reimburse at the lowest of the wholesale acquisition cost plus 0%, the FUL, or the provider's U&C charge to the public as identified by the claim charge.

B. Payment for specialty drugs not dispensed by a retail community pharmacy but dispensed primarily through the mail will include the drug ingredient cost plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. The drug ingredient cost reimbursement shall be the lowest of:

1. The NADAC of the drug, the federal upper limit (FUL), or the provider's U&C charge to the public as identified by the claim charge; or

2. When no NADAC is available, DMAS shall reimburse at the lowest of the wholesale acquisition cost plus 0%, the FUL, or the provider's U&C charge to the public as identified by the claim charge.

C. Payment for drugs not dispensed by a retail community pharmacy (i.e., institutional or long-term care facility pharmacies) will include the drug ingredient cost plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. The drug ingredient cost reimbursement shall be the lowest of:

1. The NADAC of the drug, the FUL, or the provider's U&C charge to the public as identified by the claim charge; or

2. When no NADAC is available, DMAS shall reimburse at the lowest of the wholesale acquisition cost plus 0%, the FUL, or the provider's U&C charge to the public as identified by the claim charge.

D. Payment for clotting factor from specialty pharmacies, hemophilia treatment centers, and centers of excellence will include the drug ingredient cost plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. The drug ingredient cost reimbursement shall be the lowest of:

1. The NADAC of the drug or the provider's U&C charge to the public as identified by the claim charge; or

2. When no NADAC is available, DMAS shall reimburse at the lowest of the wholesale acquisition cost plus 0% or the provider's U&C charge to the public as identified by the claim charge.

E. Section 340B covered entities and federally qualified health centers that fill Medicaid member prescriptions with drugs purchased at the prices authorized under § 340B of the Public Health Service Act (Chapter 6A of 42 USC (42 USC § 201 et seq.)) are reimbursed no more than the actual acquisition cost for the drug plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. Section 340B covered entities that fill Medicaid member prescriptions with drugs not purchased under § 340B of the Public Health Services Act are reimbursed in accordance with subsection A of this section plus the $10.65 professional dispensing fee as described in subsection I of this section.

F. Drugs acquired through the federal § 340B drug price program and dispensed by § 340B contract pharmacies are not covered.

G. Facilities purchasing drugs through the federal supply schedule (FSS) or drug pricing program under 38 USC § 8126, 42 USC § 256b, or 42 USC § 1396r-8, other than the § 340B drug pricing program are reimbursed no more than the actual acquisition cost for the drug plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee.

H. Facilities purchasing drugs at nominal price (i.e., outside of § 340B or FSS) are reimbursed no more than the actual acquisition cost for the drug plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. Nominal price as defined in 42 CFR 447.502 means that a price is less than 10% of the average manufacturer price (AMP) in the same quarter for which the AMP is computed.

I. Payment for pharmacy services are as described in subsections A through H of this section; however, they shall include the allowed cost of the drug plus only one professional dispensing fee, as defined at 42 CFR 447.502, per member per month for each specific drug. Exceptions to the monthly dispensing fees shall be allowed for drugs determined by the department to have unique dispensing requirements. The professional dispensing fee for all covered outpatient drugs shall be $10.65. The professional dispensing fee shall be determined by a cost of dispensing survey conducted at least every five years.

J. Physician administered drugs (PADs) submitted under the medical benefit are reimbursed at 106% of the average sales price (ASP) as published by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). PADs without an ASP on the CMS reference file are reimbursed at the provider's actual acquisition cost. Covered entities using drugs purchased at the prices authorized under § 340B of the Public Health Service Act for Medicaid members shall bill Medicaid their actual acquisition cost.

K. Payment to Indian Health Service, tribal, and urban Indian pharmacies. DMAS does not have any Indian Health Service, tribal, or urban Indian pharmacies enrolled at this time. Payment for pharmacy services will be defined in a state plan amendment if such entity enrolls with DMAS.

L. Investigational drugs are not a covered service under the DMAS pharmacy program.

M. Home infusion therapy.

1. The following therapy categories shall have a pharmacy service day rate payment allowable: hydration therapy, chemotherapy, pain management therapy, drug therapy, and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The service day rate payment for the pharmacy component shall apply to the basic components and services intrinsic to the therapy category. Submission of claims for the per diem rate shall be accomplished by use of the CMS 1500 claim form.

2. The cost of the active ingredients for chemotherapy, pain management, and drug therapies shall be submitted as a separate claim through the pharmacy program, using standard pharmacy format. Payment for this component shall be consistent with the current reimbursement for pharmacy services. Multiple applications of the same therapy shall be reimbursed one service day rate for the pharmacy services. Multiple applications of different therapies shall be reimbursed at 100% of standard pharmacy reimbursement for each active ingredient.

N. Supplemental rebate agreement. The Commonwealth complies with the requirements of § 1927 of the Social Security Act and Subpart I (42 CFR 447.500 et seq.) of 42 CFR Part 447 with regard to supplemental drug rebates. In addition, the following requirements are also met:

1. Supplemental drug rebates received by the state in excess of those required under the national drug rebate agreement will be shared with the federal government on the same percentage basis as applied under the national drug rebate agreement.

2. Prior authorization requirements found in § 1927(d)(5) of the Social Security Act have been met.

3. Nonpreferred drugs are those that were reviewed by the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee and not included on the preferred drug list (PDL). Nonpreferred drugs will be made available to Medicaid beneficiaries through prior authorization.

4. Payment of supplemental rebates may result in a product's inclusion on the PDL.

All reasonable measures will be taken to ascertain the legal liability of third parties to pay for authorized care and services provided to eligible recipients including those measures specified under 42 USC § 1396a(a)(25).

The single state agency will take whatever measures are necessary to assure appropriate audit of records whenever reimbursement is based on costs of providing care and services, or on a fee-for-service plus cost of materials.

Payment for transportation services shall be according to the following table:

A. Definitions. The following words are terms when used in this section shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"CMS" means Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

"DMAS" means Department of Medical Assistance Services.

"FAMIS" means Family Access to Medical Insurance Security Plan.

"FFP" means Federal Financial Participation.

"IDEA" means Individuals with Disabilities Education Act.

"IEP" means Individual Education Plan.

"LEA" means Local Education Agency.

"MMIS" means Medicaid Management Information System.

B. Effective for services on or after July 1, 2006, the following methodology will determine the reimbursement for Local Education Agency (LEA) providers. The methodology described below applies to reimbursement for the following services delivered by LEA providers. These services are described in 12VAC30-50-135.

1. Speech therapy;

2. Audiology and hearing services;

3. Physician services for medical evaluation services;

4. Occupational therapy;

5. Physical therapy;

6. Psychiatric and psychological services;

7. Personal care services;

8. Skilled nursing services; and

9. Special transportation.

C. Medical services provided by LEA providers for special education students. The following methodology will determine the reimbursement for (LEA) providers.

1. For each of the IDEA-related school-based medical services covered under the State Plan other than specialized transportation services, the LEA provider's actual cost of providing the services shall be certified and the FFP shall be paid to LEA providers based on the methodology described in subdivisions 2 through 7 of this subsection. For the rate year ending June 30, 2007, cost will be reported on a cash basis; for all succeeding years cost will be reported on an accrual basis. All costs to be certified and used subsequently to determine reconciliation and final settlement amounts as well as interim rates are identified on the CMS-approved Medical Services Cost Report. Final payment for each school year is based on actual costs as determined by desk review and/or audit for each LEA provider.

2. Step 1: Develop the personnel cost base for medical services. Total salaries and benefits paid as well as contracted (vendor) payments shall be obtained initially from each LEA's payroll/benefits and financial system for each quarter of the fiscal year. This data shall be reported on the DMAS Medical Services Cost Report form for all direct service personnel (i.e., all personnel providing medical services covered under the State Plan). Total computable personnel costs are reduced by any reimbursement that is not from state or local funding sources. The personnel cost base does not include any amounts for staff whose compensation is 100% reimbursed by a funding source other than state or local funds. The application of Step 1 results in total adjusted salary cost.

3. Step 2: Determine medical services personnel cost using a time study. A time study that incorporates the CMS-approved time study methodology shall be used to determine the percentage of time medical service personnel spend on IEP-related medical services and general and administrative (G&A) time. This time study shall assure that there shall be no duplicate claiming relative to claiming for administrative costs and no more than 100% of practitioner time is reported. G&A time shall be allocated to medical services based on the percentage of time spent on medical services. To reallocate G&A time to medical services, the percentage of time spent on medical services shall be divided by 100% minus the percentage of time spent on G&A. This shall result in a percentage that represents the medical services with appropriate allocation of G&A. This percentage, which shall be determined quarterly, shall be multiplied by the personnel cost base as determined in Step 1 to allocate personnel cost to medical services. The product represents medical services personnel cost for all payers and not just Medicaid. A sufficient number of medical service personnel shall be sampled to ensure time study results that will have a confidence level of at least 95% with a precision of plus or minus 5.0% overall. The time study is CMS-approved and may not be modified unless prior approval is received from CMS. Quarterly personnel costs are summed for the fiscal year and reported on the DMAS Medical Services Cost Report.

For claims submitted after the effective date of July 1, 2006, and prior to the implementation of the CMS-approved time study only, cost will be identified in accordance with a methodology developed by the department and approved by CMS that utilizes the quarterly results of the prospectively approved time study and applies them to the prior period claims.

4. Step 3: Develop medical services nonpersonnel costs. Nonpersonnel costs used in the delivery of medical services, detailed as line items on the CMS-approved cost report, shall be obtained from each LEA's financial system. Capital costs must be equal to or exceed $5,000 and have a useful life greater than two years. The straight line method of depreciation is used for capital costs.   Total computable nonpersonnel costs shall be reduced by any reimbursement that is not from state or local funding sources.

5. Step 4: Determine indirect costs. Indirect costs shall be determined by multiplying each LEA's unrestricted indirect rate assigned by the cognizant agency (the Department of Education) by total direct costs as determined under Steps 2 and 3. No additional indirect costs shall be recognized outside of the indirect costs determined by Step 4.

6. Step 5: Total medical services costs. Total medical services costs shall be determined by adding costs from Steps 2, 3 and 4.

7. Step 6: Allocate total medical services costs to Medicaid, Medicaid expansion and FAMIS. To determine the Medicaid, Medicaid expansion, and FAMIS medical services costs to be certified, total medical services costs shall be multiplied by the ratios of Medicaid, Medicaid expansion and FAMIS recipients with an IEP to all students with an IEP.

D. Special transportation services provided by LEA providers for special education students.

1. The participating LEA's actual cost of providing special transportation services shall be claimed for Medicaid FFP based on the methodology described in subdivisions 2 through 6 of this subsection. Special transportation refers to transportation on buses modified and dedicated for special education. All costs to be certified and used subsequently to determine the reconciliation and final settlement amounts as well as interim rates shall be identified on the CMS-approved Special Transportation Cost Report. Final payment for each school year shall be based on actual costs as determined by desk review or audit for each LEA provider.

2. Step 1: Develop special transportation nonpersonnel costs. The costs for special transportation includes fuel, repairs and maintenance, rentals, contract vehicle use costs, and other costs as approved by CMS and shall be obtained from the LEA's general ledger and reported on the Special Transportation Cost Report form. Nonpersonnel costs shall be reduced by any reimbursement that is not from state or local funding sources. All costs shall be reported on an accrual basis.

3. Step 2: Develop special transportation personnel costs. Total annual salaries and benefits paid as well as contract costs (vendor payments) for special transportation services shall be obtained from each LEA's payroll/benefits and financial systems. This data shall be reported on the Special Transportation Cost Report form for all direct service personnel. The included personnel are specified on the approved CMS cost report.

To the extent that any allowed cost for transportation is reported as shared between regular and specialized transportation, there must be an allocation of cost between the programs. For example, a mechanic may work on buses for both programs but his salary may not be reported as such in the accounting records. In these instances, the provider should allocate cost using the ratio of specialized buses/vehicles owned by the provider to total regular transportation buses/vehicles owned by the provider.

4. Step 3: Determine indirect costs. Indirect cost shall be determined by multiplying each LEA's unrestricted indirect rate assigned by the cognizant agency (the Department of Education) by total special transportation costs as determined under Steps 1 and 2. No additional indirect costs shall be recognized outside of the indirect costs determined by Step 3.

5. Step 4: Total special transportation costs. Total special transportation services costs shall be determined by adding costs from Steps 1, 2 and 3.

6. Step 5: Allocate total special transportation services cost to Medicaid, Medicaid expansion, and FAMIS. Special transportation drivers or other school personnel shall maintain logs of all students transported on each one-way trip. These logs shall be used to calculate reimbursable percentages for Medicaid, Medicaid expansion and FAMIS. The denominator shall be the total annual one-way trips on special buses. The numerator shall be Medicaid, Medicaid expansion or FAMIS special transportation one-way trips. To qualify as a special transportation trip, the student must be eligible for Medicaid, Medicaid expansion or FAMIS; transportation must be included in the IEP; and the student must have received a covered medical service on the day of the special transportation. To allocate special transportation costs to Medicaid, Medicaid expansion and FAMIS, total special transportation cost as determined under Step 4 shall be multiplied by the reimbursable percentages described above.

E. Reconciliation of the total computable interim payment for medical costs to total incurred cost.

1. Each LEA provider will complete the Medical Services and Special Transportation Cost reports and submit the cost reports no later than five months after the end of the LEA's fiscal year. All cost reports shall be reviewed and reconciled to final costs within 180 days (11 months from the end of the rate year) of the receipt of a completed cost report . DMAS may conduct additional desk or field audits up to two years after the fiscal year-end based on risk assessment developed by DMAS. LEA providers may appeal audit findings in accordance with DMAS appeal procedures.

2. DMAS shall issue a settlement notice at the time of the reconciliation that denotes the amount due to or from the LEA provider. This reconciliation shall be inclusive of both medical services and special transportation services provided by the LEA provider. The state will settle with each provider, using one of the methods described below for either under- or overpayment associated with school-based services. Settlement will be limited to recovery or payment of only the federal financial participation associated with total computable cost.

a. If the interim payments exceed the FFP of the certified costs of an LEA's Medicaid, Medicaid expansion or FAMIS services, DMAS shall recoup the overpayment in one of the following methods:

(1) Offset all future claim payments from the affected LEA until the amount of the overpayment is recovered;

(2) Recoup an agreed upon percentage from future claims payments to the LEA to ensure recovery of the overpayment within one year; or

(3) Recoup an agreed upon dollar amount from future claims payments to the LEA to ensure recovery of the overpayment within one year.

b. If the FFP of the certified costs exceed interim payments, DMAS shall pay the difference to the LEA provider.

F. Interim rates. At the end of each settlement, interim rates for each LEA provider shall be determined by dividing total medical services cost and special transportation services cost by an estimate of the number of units of service. For the initial interim rates or for new providers, interim rates shall be based on pro forma cost data. Interim rates shall be provisional in nature pending completion of the cost report.

G. Billing. Each LEA provider shall submit claims in accordance with the school division manual and shall be paid an interim rate for approved claims.

H. State monitoring. If DMAS becomes aware of potential instances of fraud, misuse or abuse of services and funds, it shall perform timely audits and investigations to identify and take the necessary actions to remedy and resolve the problems.

I. Other services.   EPSDT well child screenings provided to Medicaid, Medicaid expansion, and FAMIS recipients and described in 12VAC30-50-130 shall be reimbursed according to the agency fee schedule for all providers. These costs shall not be reimbursed through the cost report.

Payments for Medicare coinsurance and deductibles for noninstitutional services shall not exceed the allowed charges determined by Medicare in accordance with 42 CFR 447.304(b) less the portion paid by Medicare, other third party payors, and recipient copayment requirements of this Plan. See 12VAC30-80-170.

Payment for eyeglasses shall be the actual cost of the frames and lenses not to exceed limits set by the single state agency, plus a dispensing fee not to exceed limits set by the single state agency.

A. Effective January 1, 2008, payment for hearing aids for individuals younger than 21 years of age shall be the actual cost of the device not to exceed limits set by the single state agency, plus a fixed dispensing and fitting fee not to exceed limits set by the single state agency.

B. All private and governmental providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. Limitations set by the state agency are effective January 1, 2008, and for services provided on and after that date. The limitations are published at the following address (state agency website): http://www.dmas.virginia.gov/pr-fee_files.htm.

A. Payment for Early Intervention services pursuant to Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 2004, as set forth in 12VAC30-50-131 for individuals younger than 21 years of age, shall be the lower of the state agency fee schedule or actual charge (charge to the general public). All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency's rates were set as of October 1, 2009, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency's website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

B. There shall be separate fees for:

1. Certified Early Intervention professionals who are also licensed as either a physical therapist, occupational therapist, speech pathologist, or registered nurse and certified Early Intervention specialists who are also licensed as either a physical therapy assistant or occupational therapy assistant; and

2. All other certified Early Intervention professionals and certified Early Intervention specialists.

C. Provider travel time shall not be included in billable time for reimbursement.

D. Local Education Agency (LEA) providers provide Medicaid-covered school health services for which they are reimbursed on a cost basis pursuant to 12VAC30-80-75. LEAs may also be certified as, and enrolled to provide, Early Intervention services. LEAs providing such services shall be reimbursed for EI services on a fee-for-service basis in the same manner as other EI providers. The fee-for-service rate is the same regardless of the setting in which LEAs provide EI services.

A. Payment for behavioral therapy services for individuals younger than 21 years of age shall be the lower of the state agency fee schedule or actual charge (charge to the general public). All private and governmental fee-for-service providers shall be reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency's rates were set as of October 1, 2011, and are effective for services on or after that date until rates are revised. Rates are published on the agency's website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

B. Providers shall be required to refund payments made by Medicaid if they fail to maintain adequate documentation to support billed activities.

Expanded prenatal care services to include patient education, homemaker, and nutritional services shall be reimbursed at the lowest of: state agency fee schedule, actual charge, or Medicare (Title XVIII) allowances.

A. Targeted case management for early intervention (Part C) children.

1. Targeted case management for children from birth to three years of age who have developmental delay and who are in need of early intervention is reimbursed at the lower of the state agency fee schedule or the actual charge (charge to the general public). The unit of service is one month. All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency's rates are effective for services on or after October 11, 2011. Rates are published on the agency's website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

2. Case management defined for another target group shall not be billed concurrently with this case management service except for case management services for high risk infants provided under 12VAC30-50-410. Providers of early intervention case management shall coordinate services with providers of case management services for high risk infants, pursuant to 12VAC30-50-410, to ensure that services are not duplicated.

3. Each entity receiving payment for services as defined in 12VAC30-50-415 shall be required to furnish the following to DMAS, upon request:

a. Data, by practitioner, on the utilization by Medicaid beneficiaries of the services included in the unit rate; and

b. Cost information used by practitioner.

4. Future rate updates will be based on information obtained from the providers. DMAS monitors the provision of targeted case management through post-payment review (PPR). PPRs ensure that paid services were rendered appropriately, in accordance with state and federal policies and program requirements, provided in a timely manner, and paid correctly.

B. Reimbursement for targeted case management for high risk pregnant women and infants and children.

1. Targeted case management for high risk pregnant women and infants up to two years of age defined in 12VAC30-50-410 shall be reimbursed at the lower of the state agency fee schedule or the actual charge (charge to the general public). The unit of service is one day. All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency's rates were set as of September 10, 2013, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency's website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

2. Case management may not be billed when it is an integral part of another Medicaid service.

3. Case management defined for another target group shall not be billed concurrently with the case management service under this subsection except for case management for early intervention provided under 12VAC30-50-415. Providers of case management for high risk pregnant women and infants and children shall coordinate services with providers of early intervention case management to ensure that services are not duplicated.

4. Each provider receiving payment for the service under this subsection will be required to furnish the following to the Medicaid agency, upon request:

a. Data on the hourly utilization of this service furnished to Medicaid members; and

b. Cost information used by practitioners furnishing this service.

5. Rate updates will be based on utilization and cost information obtained from the providers.

C. Reimbursement for targeted case management for seriously mentally ill adults and emotionally disturbed children and for youth at risk of serious emotional disturbance.

1. Targeted case management services for seriously mentally ill adults and emotionally disturbed children defined in 12VAC30-50-420 or for youth at risk of serious emotional disturbance defined in 12VAC30-50-430 shall be reimbursed at the lower of the state agency fee schedule or the actual charge (charge to the general public). The unit of service is one month. All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency's rates were set as of September 10, 2013, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency's website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

2. Case management for seriously mentally ill adults and emotionally disturbed children and for youth at risk of serious emotional disturbance may not be billed when it is an integral part of another Medicaid service.

3. Case management defined for another target group shall not be billed concurrently with the case management services under this subsection.

4. Each provider receiving payment for the services under this subsection will be required to furnish the following to the Medicaid agency, upon request:

a. Data on the hourly utilization of these services furnished to Medicaid members; and

b. Cost information used by the practitioner furnishing these services.

5. Rate updates will be based on utilization and cost information obtained from the providers.

D. Reimbursement for targeted case management for individuals with intellectual disability or developmental disability.

1. Targeted case management for individuals with intellectual disability defined in 12VAC30-50-440 and individuals with developmental disabilities defined in 12VAC30-50-450 shall be reimbursed at the lower of the state agency fee schedule or the actual charge (the charge to the general public). The unit of service is one month. All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency's rates were set as of September 10, 2013, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency's website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

2. Case management for individuals with intellectual disability or developmental disability may not be billed when it is an integral part of another Medicaid service.

3. Case management defined for another target group shall not be billed concurrently with the case management service under this subsection.

4. Each provider receiving payment for the service under this subsection will be required to furnish the following to the Medicaid agency, upon request:

a. Data on the hourly utilization of this service furnished to Medicaid members; and

b. Cost information by practitioners furnishing this service.

5. Rate updates will be based on utilization and cost information obtained from the providers.

The Medicaid agency will reimburse providers for the covered services for TFC case management for each eligible child at the daily rate agreed upon between the local Community Policy and Management Team (CPMT) in the locality that is responsible for the child's care and the TFC case management provider. This daily rate shall be based upon the intensity of the case management needed by the child and be subject to an upper limit set by the Medicaid agency. DMAS shall pay the lesser of the rate negotiated by the CPMT or the maximum rate established by the department.

The early discharge follow-up visit for mothers and newborns covered under the provisions of 12VAC30-50-220 C shall be reimbursed at the lower of the state agency fee schedule or actual charges. Providers qualified for reimbursement of this service are those hospitals, physicians, nurse midwives, nurse practitioners, federally qualified health clinics, rural health clinics, and health department clinics that are enrolled as Medicaid providers and are qualified by the appropriate state authority for delivery of the service. The service shall be delivered either by the appropriate professional who is an employee of the participating provider or is under contract with the participating billing providers listed in this section. The staff providing the follow-up visit, at a minimum, shall be a registered nurse having training and experience in maternal and child health.

A. All other nonenrolled providers shall be reimbursed the lesser of the charges submitted, the DMAS cost to charge ratio, or the Medicare limits for the services provided.

B. Outpatient hospitals that are not enrolled as providers with the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) which submit claims shall be paid based on the DMAS average reimbursable outpatient cost-to-charge ratio, updated annually, for enrolled outpatient hospitals less five percent. The five percent is for the cost of the additional manual processing of the claims. Outpatient hospitals that are nonenrolled shall submit claims on DMAS invoices.

C. Nonenrolled providers of noninstitutional services shall be paid on the same basis as enrolled in-state providers of noninstitutional services. Nonenrolled providers of physician, dental, podiatry, optometry, and clinical psychology services, etc., shall be reimbursed the lesser of the charges submitted, or the DMAS rates for the services.

D. All nonenrolled noninstitutional providers shall be reviewed every two years for the number of Medicaid recipients they have served. Those providers who have had no claims submitted in the past 12 months shall be declared inactive.

E. Nothing in this regulation is intended to preclude DMAS from reimbursing for special services, such as rehabilitation, ventilator, and transplantation, on an exception basis and reimbursing for these services on an individually, negotiated rate basis.

A. Providers reimbursed on the basis of a fee plus cost of materials.

1. When DMAS determines an overpayment has been made to a provider, DMAS shall promptly send the first demand letter requesting a lump sum refund. Recovery shall be undertaken even though the provider disputes in whole or in part DMAS's determination of the overpayment.

2. If the provider cannot refund the total amount of the overpayment within 30 days after receiving the DMAS demand letter, the provider shall promptly request an extended repayment schedule.

3. DMAS may establish a repayment schedule of up to 12 months to recover all or part of an overpayment or, if a provider demonstrates that repayment within a 12-month period would create severe financial hardship, the Director of the Department of Medical Assistance Services (the "director") may approve a repayment schedule of up to 36 months.

4. A provider shall have no more than one extended repayment schedule in place at one time. If an audit later uncovers an additional overpayment, the full amount shall be repaid within 30 days unless the provider submits further documentation supporting a modification to the existing extended repayment schedule to include the additional amount.

5. If, during the time an extended repayment schedule is in effect, the provider withdraws from the Program, the outstanding balance shall become immediately due and payable.

6. When a repayment schedule is used to recover only part of an overpayment, the remaining amount shall be recovered by the reduction of interim payments to the provider or by lump sum payments.

7. In the request for an extended repayment schedule, the provider shall document the need for an extended (beyond 30 days) repayment and submit a written proposal scheduling the dates and amounts of repayments. If DMAS approves the schedule, DMAS shall send the provider written notification of the approved repayment schedule, which shall be effective retroactive to the date the provider submitted the proposal.

8. Once an initial determination of overpayment has been made, DMAS shall undertake full recovery of such overpayment whether the provider disputed, in whole or in part, the initial determination of overpayment. If an appeal follows, interest shall be waived during the period of administrative appeal of an initial determination of overpayment.

9. Interest charges on the unpaid balance of any overpayment shall accrue pursuant to § 32.1-313 of the Code of Virginia from the date the director's determination becomes final.

10. The director's determination shall be deemed to be final on (i) the issue date of any notice of overpayment, issued by DMAS, if the provider does not file an appeal, or (ii) the issue date of any administrative decision, issued by DMAS after an informal fact finding conference, if the provider does not file an appeal, or (iii) the issue date of any administrative decision signed by the director, regardless of whether a judicial appeal follows. In any event, interest shall be waived if the overpayment is completely liquidated within 30 days of the date of the final determination. In cases in which a determination of overpayment has been judicially reversed, the provider shall be reimbursed that portion of the payment to which it is entitled, plus any applicable interest which the provider paid to DMAS.

B. Providers reimbursed on the basis of reasonable costs.

1. When the provider files a cost report indicating that an overpayment has occurred, full refund shall be remitted with the cost report. In cases where DMAS discovers an overpayment during desk review, field audit, or final settlement, DMAS shall promptly send the first demand letter requesting a lump sum refund. Recovery shall be undertaken even though the provider disputed in whole or in part DMAS's determination of the overpayment.

2. If the provider has been overpaid for a particular fiscal year and has been underpaid for another fiscal year, the underpayment shall be offset against the overpayment. So long as the provider has an overpayment balance, an underpayment discovered by subsequent review or audit shall also be used to reduce the remaining amount of the overpayment.

3. If the provider cannot refund the total amount of the overpayment (i) at the time it files a cost report indicating that an overpayment has occurred, the provider shall request an extended repayment schedule at the time of filing, or (ii) within 30 days after receiving the DMAS demand letter, the provider shall promptly request an extended repayment schedule.

4. DMAS may establish a repayment schedule of up to 12 months to recover all or part of an overpayment, or, if a provider demonstrates that repayment within a 12-month period would create severe financial hardship, the Director of the Department of Medical Assistance Services (the "director") may approve a repayment schedule of up to 36 months.

5. A provider shall have no more than one extended repayment schedule in place at one time. If an audit later uncovers an additional overpayment, the full amount shall be repaid within 30 days unless the provider submits further documentation supporting a modification to the existing extended repayment schedule to include the additional amount.

6. If during the time an extended repayment schedule is in effect, the provider withdraws from the program or fails to file a cost report in a timely manner, the outstanding balance shall become immediately due and payable.

7. When a repayment schedule is used to recover only part of an overpayment, the remaining amount shall be recovered by the reduction of interim payments to the provider or by lump sum payments.

8. In the request for an extended repayment schedule, the provider shall document the need for an extended (beyond 30 days) repayment and submit a written proposal scheduling the dates and amounts of repayments. If DMAS approves the schedule, DMAS shall send the provider written notification of the approved repayment schedule, which shall be effective retroactive to the date the provider submitted the proposal.

9. Once an initial determination of overpayment has been made, DMAS shall undertake full recovery of such overpayment whether or not the provider disputes, in whole or in part, the initial determination of overpayment. If an appeal follows, interest shall be waived during the period of administrative appeal of an initial determination of overpayment.

10. Interest charges on the unpaid balance of any overpayment shall accrue pursuant to § 32.1-313 of the Code of Virginia from the date the director's determination becomes final.

11. The director's determination shall be deemed to be final on (i) the due date of any cost report filed by the provider indicating that an overpayment has occurred, or (ii) the issue date of any notice of overpayment, issued by DMAS, if the provider does not file an appeal, or (iii) the issue date of any administrative decision issued by DMAS after an informal fact finding conference, if the provider does not file an appeal, or (iv) the issue date of any administrative decision signed by the director, regardless of whether a judicial appeal follows. In any event, interest shall be waived if the overpayment is completely liquidated within 30 days of the date of the final determination. In cases in which a determination of overpayment has been judicially reversed, the provider shall be reimbursed that portion of the payment to which it is entitled, plus any applicable interest which the provider paid to DMAS.

A. Definitions.

"DMAS" means the Department of Medical Assistance Services.

"Division director" means the director of a division of DMAS.

"State-operated provider" means a provider of Medicaid services which is enrolled in the Medicaid program and operated by the Commonwealth of Virginia.

B. Right to request reconsideration. A state-operated provider shall have the right to request a reconsideration for any issue which would be otherwise administratively appealable under the State Plan by a nonstate operated provider. This shall be the sole procedure available to state-operated providers. The appropriate DMAS division must receive the reconsideration request within 30 calendar days after the provider receives its Notice of Amount of Program Reimbursement, notice of proposed action, findings letter, or other DMAS notice giving rise to a dispute.

C. Informal review. The state-operated provider shall submit to the appropriate DMAS division written information specifying the nature of the dispute and the relief sought. If a reimbursement adjustment is sought, the written information must include the nature of the adjustment sought, the amount of the adjustment sought, and the reasons for seeking the adjustment. The division director or his designee shall review this information, requesting additional information as necessary. If either party so requests, they may meet to discuss a resolution. Any designee shall then recommend to the division director whether relief is appropriate in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

D. Division director action. The division director shall consider any recommendation of his designee and shall render a decision.

E. DMAS director review. A state-operated provider may, within 30 days after receiving the informal review decision of the division director, request that the DMAS director or his designee review the decision of the division director. The DMAS director shall have the authority to take whatever measures he deems appropriate to resolve the dispute.

F. Secretarial review. If the preceding steps do not resolve the dispute to the satisfaction of the state-operated provider, within 30 days after the receipt of the decision of the DMAS director, the provider may request the DMAS director to refer the matter to the Secretary of Health and Human Resources and any other Cabinet Secretary as appropriate. Any determination by such Secretary or Secretaries shall be final.

Except for a nominal recipient copayment (as specified in 12VAC30-20-150 and 12VAC30-20-160), if applicable, the Medicaid agency uses the following general method for payment:

1. Payments are limited to state plan rates and payment methodologies for the groups and payments listed below and designated with the letters "SP."

For specific Medicare services which are not otherwise covered by this state plan, the Medicaid agency uses Medicare payment rates unless a special rate or method is set out.

Not applicable. There are no special rates or methods used for specific Medicare services which are not otherwise covered by this state plan.

2. Payments are up to the full amount of the Medicare rate for the groups and payments listed below and designated with the letters "MR."

3. Payments are up to the amount of a special rate, or according to a special method, for the groups and payments listed below and designated with the letters "NR."

4. Any exceptions to the general methods used for a particular group or payment are specified.

A. Effective for dates of services on and after July 1, 1991, the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) shall reimburse home health agencies (HHAs) at a flat rate per visit for each type of service rendered by HHAs (i.e., nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology services, and home health aide services.) In addition, supplies left in the home and extraordinary transportation costs will be paid at specific rates.

B. Effective for dates of services on and after July 1, 1993, DMAS shall establish a flat rate for each level of service for HHAs by peer group. There shall be three peer groups: (i) the Department of Health's HHAs, (ii) non-Department of Health HHAs whose operating office is located in the Virginia portion of the Washington DC-MD-VA metropolitan statistical area, and (iii) non-Department of Health HHAs whose operating office is located in the rest of Virginia. The use of the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) designation of urban metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) shall be incorporated in determining the appropriate peer group for these classifications.

The Department of Health's agencies are being placed in a separate peer group due to their unique cost characteristics (only one consolidated cost report is filed for all Department of Health agencies).

C. Rates shall be calculated as follows:

1. Each home health agency shall be placed in its appropriate peer group.

2. Department of Health HHAs Medicaid cost per visit (exclusive of medical supplies costs) shall be obtained from its 1989 cost-settled Medicaid cost report. Non-Department of Health HHAs Medicaid cost per visit (exclusive of medical supplies costs) shall be obtained from the 1989 cost-settled Medicaid Cost Reports filed by freestanding HHAs. Costs shall be inflated to a common point in time (June 30, 1991) by using the percent of change in the moving average factor of the Data Resources Inc., (DRI), National Forecast Tables for the Home Health Agency Market Basket (as published quarterly).

3. To determine the flat rate per visit effective July 1, 1993, the following methodology shall be utilized:

a. The peer group HHAs per visit rates shall be ranked and weighted by the number of Medicaid visits per discipline to determine a median rate per visit for each peer group at July 1, 1991.

b. The HHA's peer group median rate per visit for each peer group at July 1, 1991, shall be the interim peer group rate for calculating the update through January 1, 1992. The interim peer group rate shall be updated by 100% of historical inflation from July 1, 1991, through December 31, 1992, and shall become the final interim peer group rate that shall be updated by 50% of the forecasted inflation to the end of December 31, 1993, to establish the final peer group rates. The lower of the final peer group rates or the Medicare upper limit at January 1, 1993, will be effective for payments from July 1, 1993, through December 1993.

c. Separate rates shall be provided for the initial assessment, follow-up, and comprehensive visits for skilled nursing and for the initial assessment and follow-up visits for physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. The comprehensive rate shall be 200% of the follow-up rate, and the initial assessment rates shall be $15 higher than the follow-up rates. The lower of the peer group median or Medicare upper limits shall be adjusted as appropriate to assure budget neutrality when the higher rates for the comprehensive and initial assessment visits are calculated.

4. The fee schedule shall be adjusted annually beginning July 1, 2010, based on the percent of change in the moving average of the National Forecast Tables for the Home Health Agency Market Basket published by Global Insight (or its successor) for the second quarter of the calendar year in which the fiscal year begins. The report shall be the latest published report prior to the fiscal year. The method to calculate the annual update shall be:

a. All subsequent year peer group rates shall be calculated utilizing the previous final peer group rate established on July 1.

b. The annual July 1 update shall be compared to the Medicare upper limit per visit in effect on each January 1, and the HHAs shall receive the lower of the annual update or the Medicare upper limit per visit as the final peer group rate.

D. Effective July 1, 2009, the previous inflation increase effective January 1, 2009, shall be reduced by 50%.

E. Effective July 1, 2010, through June 30, 2016, there shall be no inflation adjustment for home health agencies. Effective July 1, 2017, through June 30, 2018, the annual fee schedule adjustment for inflation shall be reduced by 50%.

A. Reimbursement of fee-for-service providers. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 1995, the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) shall reimburse fee-for-service providers, with the exception of home health services (see 12VAC30-80-180) and durable medical equipment services (see 12VAC30-80-30), using a fee schedule that is based on a Resource Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS).

B. Fee schedule.

1. For those services or procedures that are included in the RBRVS published by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as amended from time to time, the DMAS fee schedule shall employ the Relative Value Units (RVUs) developed by CMS as periodically updated.

a. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2008, DMAS shall implement site of service differentials and employ both nonfacility and facility RVUs. The implementation shall be budget neutral using the methodology in subdivision 2 of this subsection.

b. The implementation of site of service shall be transitioned over a four-year period.

(1) Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2008, DMAS shall calculate the transitioned facility RVU by adding 75% of the difference between the nonfacility RVU and nonfacility RVU to the facility RVU.

(2) Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2009, DMAS shall calculate the transitioned facility RVU by adding 50% of the difference between the nonfacility RVU and nonfacility RVU to the facility RVU.

(3) Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2010, DMAS shall calculate the transitioned facility RVU by adding 25% of the difference between the nonfacility RVU and nonfacility RVU to the facility RVU.

(4) Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2011, DMAS shall use the unadjusted Medicare facility RVU.

2. DMAS shall calculate the RBRVS-based fees using conversion factors (CFs) published from time to time by CMS. DMAS shall adjust the CMS CFs by additional factors so that no change in expenditure will result solely from the implementation of the RBRVS-based fee schedule. DMAS may revise the additional factors when CMS updates its RVUs or CFs so that no change in expenditure will result solely from such updates. Except for this adjustment, the DMAS CFs shall be the same as those published from time to time by CMS. The calculation of the additional factors shall be based on the assumption that no change in services provided will occur as a result of these changes to the fee schedule. The determination of the additional factors required in this subdivision shall be accomplished by means of the following calculation:

a. The estimated amount of DMAS expenditures if DMAS were to use Medicare's RVUs and CFs without modification, is equal to the sum, across all relevant procedure codes, of the RVU value published by the CMS, multiplied by the applicable conversion factor published by the CMS, multiplied by the number of occurrences of the procedure code in DMAS patient claims in the most recent period of time (at least six months).

b. The estimated amount of DMAS expenditures, if DMAS were not to calculate new fees based on the new CMS RVUs and CFs, is equal to the sum, across all relevant procedure codes, of the existing DMAS fee multiplied by the number of occurrences of the procedures code in DMAS patient claims in the period of time used in subdivision 2 a of this subsection.

c. The relevant additional factor is equal to the ratio of the expenditure estimate (based on DMAS fees in subdivision 2 b of this subsection) to the expenditure estimate based on unmodified CMS values in subdivision 2 a of this subsection.

d. DMAS shall calculate a separate additional factor for:

(1) Emergency room services (defined as the American Medical Association's (AMA) publication of the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes 99281, 99282, 99283, 99284, and 992851 in effect at the time the service is provided);

(2) Obstetrical/gynecological services (defined as maternity care and delivery procedures, female genital system procedures, obstetrical/gynecological-related radiological procedures, and mammography procedures, as defined by the American Medical Association's (AMA) publication of the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) manual in effect at the time the service is provided);

(3) Pediatric preventive services (defined as preventive E&M procedures, excluding those listed in subdivision 2 d (1) of this subsection, as defined by the AMA's publication of the CPT manual, in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients younger than 21 years of age);

(4) Pediatric primary services (defined as evaluation and management (E&M) procedures, excluding those listed in subdivisions 2 d (1) and 2 d (3) of this subsection, as defined by the AMA's publication of the CPT manual, in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients younger than 21 years of age);

(5) Adult primary and preventive services (defined as E&M procedures, excluding those listed in subdivision 2 d (1) of this subsection, as defined by the AMA's publication of the CPT manual, in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients 21 years of age and older);

(6) Effective July 1, 2019, psychiatric services as defined by the AMA's publication of the CPT manual, in effect at the time the service is provided; and

(7) All other procedures set through the RBRVS process combined.

3. For those services or procedures for which there are no established RVUs, DMAS shall approximate a reasonable relative value payment level by looking to similar existing relative value fees. If DMAS is unable to establish a relative value payment level for any service or procedure, the fee shall not be based on a RBRVS, but shall instead be based on the previous fee-for-service methodology.

4. Fees shall not vary by geographic locality.

5. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2007, fees for emergency room services (defined in subdivision 2 d (1) of this subsection) shall be increased by 5.0% relative to the fees that would otherwise be in effect.

C. Effective for dates of service on or after May 1, 2006, fees for obstetrical/gynecological services (defined in subdivision B 2 d (2) of this section) shall be increased by 2.5% relative to the fees in effect on July 1, 2005.

D. Effective for dates of service on or after May 1, 2006, fees for pediatric services (defined in subdivisions B 2 d (3) and (4) of this section) shall be increased by 5.0% relative to the fees in effect on July 1, 2005. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2006, fees for pediatric services (defined in subdivisions B 2 d (3) and (4) of this section) shall be increased by 5.0% relative to the fees in effect on May 1, 2006. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2007, fees for pediatric primary services (defined in subdivision B 2 d (4) of this section) shall be increased by 10% relative to the fees that would otherwise be in effect.

E. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2007, fees for pediatric preventive services (defined in subdivision B 2 d (3) of this section) shall be increased by 10% relative to the fees that would otherwise be in effect.

F. Effective for dates of service on or after May 1, 2006, fees for adult primary and preventive services (defined in subdivision B 2 d (4) of this section) shall be increased by 5.0% relative to the fees in effect on July 1, 2005. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2007, fees for adult primary and preventive services (defined in subdivision B 2 d (5) of this section) shall be increased by 5.0% relative to the fees that would otherwise be in effect.

G. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2007, fees for all other procedures set through the RBRVS process combined (defined in subdivision B 2 d (6) of this section) shall be increased by 5.0% relative to the fees that would otherwise be in effect.

H. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2010, fees for all procedures set through the RBRVS process shall be decreased by 3.0% relative to the fees that would otherwise be in effect.

I. Effective for dates of service on or after October 1, 2010, through June 30, 2011, the 3.0% fee decrease in subsection H of this section shall no longer be in effect.

J. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2019, rates for adult primary care services shall be increased by 5.0% and rates for emergency department services shall be increased by 1.0%.

K. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2019, rates for psychiatric services shall be increased by 21%.

A. Rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities.

1. Effective for dates of service on and after July 1, 2009, rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities, excluding those operated by community services boards or state agencies, shall be reimbursed a prospective rate equal to the lesser of the agency's fee schedule amount or billed charges per procedure. The agency shall develop a statewide fee schedule based on Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes to reimburse providers what the agency estimates they would have been paid in FY 2010 minus $371,800.

2. Effective for dates of service on and after October 1, 2009, rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities, excluding those operated by state agencies shall be reimbursed a prospective rate equal to the lesser of the agency's fee schedule amount or billed charges per procedure. The agency shall develop a statewide fee schedule based on CPT codes to reimburse providers what the agency estimates they would have been paid in FY 2010 minus $371,800.

B. Reimbursement for rehabilitation agencies subject to the new fee schedule methodology.

1. Payments for the fiscal year ending or in progress on June 30, 2009, shall be settled for private rehabilitation agencies based on the previous prospective rate methodology and the ceilings in effect for that fiscal year as of June 30, 2009.

2. Payments for the fiscal year ending or in progress on September 30, 2009, shall be settled for community services boards based on the previous prospective rate methodology and the ceilings in effect for that fiscal year as of September 30, 2009.

C. Beginning with state fiscal years beginning on or after July 1, 2010, rates shall be adjusted annually for inflation using the Virginia-specific nursing home input price index contracted for by the agency. The agency shall use the percent moving average for the quarter ending at the midpoint of the rate year from the most recently available index prior to the beginning of the rate year.

D. Reimbursement for physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language therapy services shall not be provided for any sums that the rehabilitation provider collects, or is entitled to collect, from the nursing facility or any other available source, and provided further, that this subsection shall in no way diminish any obligation of the nursing facility to DMAS to provide its residents such services, as set forth in any applicable provider agreement.

E. Effective July 1, 2010, through June 30, 2016, there will be no inflation adjustment for outpatient rehabilitation facilities. Effective July 1, 2017, through June 30, 2018, outpatient rehabilitation facilities will receive a rate adjustment equal to 50% of inflation as calculated in subsection C of this section.

Physician supplemental payment amounts shall be calculated using the Medicare equivalent of the average commercial rate (ACR) methodology prescribed by CMS. The following methodology describes the calculation of the supplemental payment. To compute the ACR by commercial payers, calculate the average amount reimbursed for each procedure code (e.g., CPT or HCPCS) by the top five commercial payers for a specified base period. Data from Medicare, Workers' Compensation, and other noncommercial payers and codes not reimbursed by Medicaid are excluded.

(Payer 1 + Payer 2 + Payer 3 + Payer 4 + Payer 5) / (5) = Average Commercial Reimbursement

To compute the reimbursement ceiling, multiply the average reimbursement rate as determined by the number of claims recorded in Medicaid Management Information System (MMIS) for each procedure code that was rendered to Medicaid members by eligible physicians during the base period. Add the product for all procedure codes. This total represents the total reimbursement ceiling.

(Average Commercial Reimbursement) X (Medicaid Count) = Total Reimbursement Ceiling for each Procedure Code

Sum of Total Reimbursement Ceiling for each Procedure Code = Total Reimbursement Ceiling

To determine the Medicare equivalent to the reimbursement ceiling, for each of the billing codes used to determine the reimbursement ceiling, multiply the Medicare rate by the number of claims recorded in MMIS for each procedure code that was rendered to Medicaid members during the base period. Add the product for all procedure codes. This sum represents the total Medicare reimbursement that would have been received. Divide the reimbursement ceiling (commercial payment) by Medicare reimbursement. This ratio expresses the ACR as a percentage of Medicare.

(Medicare Rate) X (Medicaid Count) = Total Medicare Reimbursement for each Procedure Code

Sum of Total Medicare Reimbursement for each Procedure Code = Total Medicare Reimbursement

(Total Reimbursement Ceiling) / (Total Medicare Reimbursement) = Medicare equivalent of the ACR

This single ratio is applied to the Medicare rates for reimbursable Medicaid practitioner services to determine the total allowable Medicaid payment, including both the regular base payment and supplemental payment.

(Medicare equivalent of the ACR) X (Medicare rate per CPT Code for all applicable CPT Codes) = Total Allowable Medicaid Payment

Total Allowable Medicaid Payment – Medicaid Base Payment = Maximum Supplemental Payment

The Medicare equivalent of the ACR demonstration shall be updated every three years. Only the professional component of radiology services and clinical laboratory services is included in the ACR calculation. Claims with a technical component are excluded from the demonstration.

Pharmacy Claim Form (3/96).

CMS Noninstitutional Services Cost Report Certification Statement (10/07).

Compound Prescription Pharmacy Claim Form (3/96).

I.V. Therapy Implementation Form, DMAS-354 (eff. 6/98).

Questionnaire to Assess an Applicant's Ability to Independently Manage Personal Attendant Services in the CD-PAS Waiver or DD Waiver, DMAS-95 Addendum (eff. 8/00).

DD Waiver Enrollment Request, DMAS-453 (eff. 1/01).

DD Waiver Consumer Service Plan, DMAS-456 (eff. 1/01).

DD Medicaid Waiver -- Level of Functioning Survey -- Summary Sheet, DMAS-458 (eff. 1/01).

Documentation of Recipient Choice between Institutional Care or Home and Community-Based Services (eff. 8/00).

Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations, 25th Edition, 2005, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

International Classification of Diseases, ICD-9-CM 2007 (effective for claims with dates of service through September 30, 2015), Physician, Volumes 1 and 2, 9th Revision-Clinical Modification, American Medical Association

Virginia Medicaid Durable Medical Equipment and Supplies Provider Manual, Appendix B (rev. 1/11), Department of Medical Assistance Services

The policy and the method to be used in establishing payment rates for each type of care or service (other than inpatient hospitalization, skilled nursing and intermediate care facilities) listed in § 1905(a) of the Social Security Act and included in this State Plan for Medical Assistance are described in the following paragraphs:

1. Reimbursement and payment criteria will be established which are designed to enlist participation of a sufficient number of providers of services in the program so that eligible persons can receive the medical care and services included in the Plan at least to the extent these are available to the general population.
2. Participation in the program will be limited to providers of services who accept, as payment in full, the state's payment plus any copayment required under the State Plan.

3. Payment for care or service will not exceed the amounts indicated to be reimbursed in accord with the policy and methods described in the Plan and payments will not be made in excess of the upper limits described in 42 CFR 447.304(a). The state agency has continuing access to data identifying the maximum charges allowed: such data will be made available to the Secretary, HHS, upon request.
4. Reimbursement for services shall be based on the Provider Preventable Conditions (PPC) policy defined in 42 CFR 447.26.

a. No payment shall be made for services for the following Never Events: wrong surgical or other invasive procedure performed on a patient; surgical or other invasive procedure performed on the wrong body part; surgical or other invasive procedure performed on the wrong patient.
b. No reduction in payment for a provider preventable condition will be imposed on a provider when the condition defined as a PPC for a particular patient existed prior to the initiation of treatment for that patient by that provider.
c. Reductions in provider payment may be limited to the extent that the following apply:

(1) The identified provider-preventable conditions would otherwise result in an increase in payment.
(2) The State can reasonably isolate for nonpayment the portion of the payment directly related to treatment for, and related to, the provider-preventable conditions.
d. Providers or members may request full payment based on lack of access to services for Medicaid members.
e. In the event that individual cases are identified throughout the PPC implementation period, the Commonwealth shall adjust reimbursements according to the methodology above.

A. Payments for services listed below shall be on the basis of reasonable cost following the standards and principles applicable to the Title XVIII Program with the exception provided for in subdivision 2c of subsection D below. The upper limit for reimbursement shall be no higher than payments for Medicare patients in accordance with 42 CFR 447.321. In no instance, however, shall charges for beneficiaries of the program be in excess of charges for private patients receiving services from the provider. The professional component for emergency room physicians shall continue to be noncovered as a component of payment to the facility.

B. Reasonable costs will be determined from the filing of a uniform CMS-approved cost report by participating providers. The cost reports are due not later than 150 days after the provider's fiscal year end. If a complete cost report is not received within 150 days after the end of the provider's fiscal year, the Program shall take action in accordance with its policies to assure that an overpayment is not being made. All cost reports shall be reviewed and reconciled to final costs within 180 days of the receipt of a completed cost report. The cost report will be judged complete when DMAS has all of the following:

1. Completed cost reporting form(s) provided by DMAS, with signed certification(s);
2. The provider's trial balance showing adjusting journal entries;

3. The provider's financial statements including, but not limited to, a balance sheet, a statement of income and expenses, a statement of retained earnings (or fund balance), and a statement of changes in financial position;
4. Schedules which reconcile financial statements and trial balance to expenses claimed in the cost report;
5. Depreciation schedule or summary;
6. Home office cost report, if applicable; and
7. Such other analytical information or supporting documents requested by DMAS when the cost reporting forms are sent to the provider.

C. Item 398 D of the 1987 Appropriation Act (as amended), effective April 8, 1987, eliminated reimbursement of return on equity capital to proprietary providers.

D. The services that are cost reimbursed are:

1. For dates of service prior to January 1, 2014, outpatient hospital services including rehabilitation hospital outpatient services and excluding laboratory

a. Definitions. The following words and terms, when used in this regulation, shall have the following meanings when applied to emergency services unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"All-inclusive" means all emergency room and ancillary service charges claimed in association with the emergency room visit, with the exception of laboratory services.
"DMAS" means the Department of Medical Assistance Services consistent with the Code of Virginia, Chapter 10, Title 32.1, §§32.1-323 et seq.
"Emergency hospital services" means services that are necessary to prevent the death or serious impairment of the health of the recipient. The threat to the life or health of the recipient necessitates the use of the most accessible hospital available that is equipped to furnish the services.

"Recent injury" means an injury which has occurred less than 72 hours prior to the emergency room visit.
b. Scope. DMAS shall differentiate, as determined by the attending physician's diagnosis, the kinds of care routinely rendered in emergency rooms and reimburse for nonemergency care rendered in emergency departments at a reduced rate.
(1) With the exception of laboratory services, DMAS shall reimburse at a reduced and all-inclusive reimbursement rate for all services, including those obstetric and pediatric procedures contained in Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 4.19 B, rendered in emergency rooms which DMAS determines were non-emergency care.
(2) Services determined by the attending physician to be emergencies shall be reimbursed under the existing methodologies and at the existing rates.
(3) Services performed by the attending physician which may be emergencies shall be manually reviewed. If such services meet certain criteria, they shall be paid under the methodology for (2) above. Services not meeting certain criteria shall be paid under the methodology of (1) above. Such criteria shall include, but not be limited to:
(a) The initial treatment following a recent obvious injury.
(b) Treatment related to an injury sustained more than 72 hours prior to the visit with the deterioration of the symptoms to the point of requiring medical treatment for stabilization.
(c) The initial treatment for medical emergencies including indications of severe chest pain, dyspnea, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, spontaneous abortion, loss of consciousness, status epilipticus, or other conditions considered life threatening.
(d) A visit in which the recipient's condition requires immediate hospital admission or the transfer to another facility for further treatment or a visit in which the recipient dies.

(e) Services provided for acute vital sign changes as specified in the provider manual.
(f) Services provided for severe pain when combined with one or more of the other guidelines.
(4) Payment shall be determined based on ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes and necessary supporting documentation.
(5) DMAS shall review on an ongoing basis the effectiveness of this program in achieving its objectives and for its effect on recipients, physicians, and hospitals. Program components may be revised subject to achieving program intent, the accuracy and effectiveness of the ICD-9-CM code designations, and the impact on recipients and providers.

c. Limitation to allowable cost. Effective for services on and after July 1, 2003, reimbursement of hospitals for outpatient services shall be at various percentages of allowable cost, with cost to be determined as provided in paragraphs A, B, and C above. For hospitals with fiscal years that do not begin on July 1, outpatient costs, both operating and capital, for the fiscal year in progress on that date, shall be apportioned between the time period before and the time period after that date, based on the number of calendar months in the cost reporting period, falling before and after that date.
(1) Type One Hospitals.
(a) Effective July 1, 2003, through June 30, 2010, hospital outpatient operating reimbursement shall be at 94.2% of allowable cost and capital reimbursement shall be at 90% of allowable cost.
(b) Effective July 1, 2010, through September 30, 2010, hospital outpatient operating reimbursement shall be at 91.2% of allowable cost and capital reimbursement shall be at 87% of allowable cost.
(c) Effective October 2010, through June 30, 2011, hospital outpatient operating reimbursement shall be at 94.2% of allowable cost and capital reimbursement shall be at 90% of allowable cost.
(d) Effective July 1, 2011, hospital outpatient operating reimbursement shall be at 90.2% of allowable cost and capital reimbursement shall be at 86% of allowable cost.

(2) Type Two Hospitals.
(a) Effective July 1, 2003, through June 30, 2010, hospital outpatient operating and capital reimbursement shall be at 80% of allowable cost.
(b) Effective July 1, 2010, through September 30, 2010, hospital outpatient operating and capital reimbursement shall be at 77% of allowable cost.
(c) Effective October 2010, through June 30, 2011, hospital outpatient operating and capital reimbursement shall be at 80% of allowable cost.
(d) Effective July 1, 2011, hospital outpatient operating and capital reimbursement shall be at 76% of allowable cost.
d. Payment for direct medical education costs of nursing schools, paramedical programs and graduate medical education for interns and residents.
(1) Direct medical education costs of nursing schools and paramedical programs shall continue to be paid on an allowable cost basis.
(2) Effective with cost reporting periods beginning on or after July 1, 2002, direct Graduate Medical Education (GME) costs for interns and residents shall be reimbursed on a per-resident prospective basis. See 12VAC30-71-80 for prospective payment methodology for graduate medical education for interns and residents.

2. Rehabilitation agencies operated by state agencies for physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language therapy services. The reimbursement methodology for physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language therapy applicable to other rehabilitation agencies, is based on State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, Supplement 5.

a. Allowable cost shall be determined as provided in subsections A, B and C above.
b. The following additional procedures shall be followed:
(1) The CMS-approved cost report determined reimbursable costs for physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language pathology service cost centers. General service costs are stepped down to each service cost center (including any non-reimbursable service cost centers). The cost report shall calculate a ratio of cost to charges for each reimbursable service cost center. Cost finding shall be determined according to Medicare principles.

(2) All cost reports shall be reviewed and reconciled to final costs within 180 days of the receipt of a completed cost report. DMAS shall issue a Notice of Program Reimbursement at the time of the reconciliation that denotes the amount due to or from the provider.

(3) The provider shall be paid on an interim basis for each claim using the methodology in State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, Supplement 5. In addition, on a quarterly basis DMAS shall make an interim lump sum payment based on the difference between estimated costs and interim claim payments in the prior quarter. Estimated costs shall be determined by multiplying the overall ratio of cost to charges from the most recent settled cost report times billed charges.

3. Supplemental payments to state owned hospitals for outpatient services.

a. In addition to payment for services set forth elsewhere in the State Plan, DMAS makes supplemental payments to qualifying state government owned or operated hospitals for outpatient services furnished to Medicaid members on or after July 1, 2010. To qualify for a supplemental payment, the hospital must be part of a state academic health system or part of an academic health system that operates under a state authority.
b. The amount of the supplemental payment made to each qualifying hospital shall be equal to the difference between the total allowable cost and the amount otherwise actually paid for the services by the Medicaid program based upon cost settlement.
c. Payment for furnished services under this section shall be paid at settlement of the cost report.

4. Supplemental Outpatient Payments for Non-State Government Owned Hospitals. Effective July 1, 2018, supplemental payments will be issued to qualifying non-state government owned hospitals for outpatient services provided to Medicaid patients.

a. Qualifying Criteria. Qualifying hospitals are all non-state government owned acute care hospitals.
b. Reimbursement Methodology. The supplemental payment shall equal outpatient hospital claim payments times the Upper Payment Limit (UPL) gap percentage.
(1) The annual UPL gap percentage is the percentage calculated where the numerator is the difference for each qualifying hospital between a reasonable estimate of the amount that would be paid under Medicare payment principles for outpatient hospital services provided to Medicaid patients (calculated in accordance with 42 CFR § 447.321) and what Medicaid paid for such services and the denominator is Medicaid claim payments to all qualifying hospitals for outpatient hospital services provided to Medicaid patients in the same year used in the numerator.
(2) The annual UPL gap percentage will be calculated annually for each hospital using the most recent year for which comprehensive annual data are available and inflated to the state fiscal year for which payments are to be made.

5. Quarterly Payments. After the close of each quarter, beginning with the July 1, 2018, to September 30, 2018, quarter, each qualifying hospital shall receive supplemental payments for the outpatient services paid during the prior quarter. The supplemental payments for each qualifying hospital for each quarter shall be calculated by multiplying the Medicaid outpatient hospital payments paid in that quarter by the annual UPL gap percentage for each hospital.

6. Supplemental Payments for Private Hospital Partners of Type One Hospitals. Quarterly supplemental payments shall be issued to qualifying private hospitals for outpatient services rendered during the quarter. Maximum aggregate payments to all qualifying hospitals in this group shall not exceed the available upper payment limits per state fiscal year. These supplemental payments will cease effective for dates of service on or after October 1, 2018.

a. Qualifying criteria. In order to qualify for the supplemental payment, the hospital must be currently enrolled as a Virginia Medicaid provider, and must be owned or operated by a private entity where a Type One hospital has a non-majority interest. Qualifying hospitals and their effective dates are listed below:
(1) Culpeper Hospital, effective October 25, 2011;
(2) Prince William Hospital, effective February 11, 2017;
(3) Haymarket Hospital, effective February 11, 2017.
b. Reimbursement methodology. Each qualifying hospital shall receive quarterly supplemental payments for the outpatient services rendered during the quarter. Each quarterly payment distribution shall occur not more than 2 years after the year in which the qualifying hospitals' entitlement arises. The annual supplemental payments in a fiscal year will be the lesser of:
(1) The difference between each qualifying hospital's outpatient Medicaid billed charges and Medicaid payments the hospital receives for services processed for fee-for-service Medicaid recipients during the fiscal year; or
(2) $1,894 per Medicaid outpatient visit at Culpeper Hospital for state plan rate year 2012, $1,908 per Medicaid outpatient visit for state plan rate year 2017 for Prince William Hospital, and $1,844 per Medicaid outpatient visit for state plan rate year 2017 for Haymarket Hospital. For future state plan rate years, this number shall be adjusted by inflation based on the Virginia moving average values as compiled and published by Global Insight (or its successor), under contract with the department);
(3) For hospitals participating in the Medicaid Disproportionate Share Hospital (DSH) Program, the difference between the limit calculated under the Social Security Act § 1923(g) and the hospital's DSH payments for the applicable payment period.
c. Limit. Maximum aggregate payments to all qualifying hospitals in this group shall not exceed the available upper payment limit per state fiscal year.

7. Supplemental Outpatient Payments for Private Acute Care Hospitals.

a. Effective October 1, 2018, supplemental payments will be issued to qualifying private hospitals for outpatient services provided to Medicaid patients.
b. Definitions. See definitions in State Plan Attachment 4.19-A, page 17.5.
c. Qualifying Criteria. Qualifying hospitals are all in-state private acute care hospitals excluding public hospitals, freestanding psychiatric and rehabilitation hospitals, children’s hospitals, long stay hospitals, long-term acute care hospitals and critical access hospitals.
d. Reimbursement Methodology. The supplemental payment shall equal outpatient hospital claim payments times the "UPL gap percentage".
(1) The annual UPL gap percentage is the percentage calculated where the numerator is the UPL gap for outpatient services for private hospitals and the denominator is Medicaid claim payments to all qualifying hospitals for outpatient hospital services provided to Medicaid patients in the same year
used in the numerator.
(2) The annual UPL gap percentage will be calculated annually.
e. Quarterly Payments. After the close of each quarter, beginning with the quarter including the CMS effective date of all necessary state plan amendments authorizing increased payments to qualifying hospitals, each qualifying hospital shall receive supplemental payments for the outpatient services paid during the prior quarter. The supplemental payments for each qualifying hospital for each quarter shall be calculated based on the Medicaid outpatient hospital payments paid in that quarter multiplied by the annual UPL gap percentage. Payments will be made quarterly based on applying a uniform per service add on (UPL gap percentage described in the SPA) to outpatient hospital payments in the prior quarter.

A. Consistent with the Benefit Improvement Protection Act (BIPA) of 2000, Section 702, the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) adopts the Alternative Payment Methodology. This alternative payment methodology continues established reasonable cost reimbursement using Medicare principles of reimbursement. The State shall make interim payments on a per visit basis and shall reconcile to actual costs via the year-end cost report. The methodology used to determine the payment amount is: (1) agreed to by the State and the center or clinic, and (2) results in payment to the center or clinic of an amount which is at least equal to the Prospective Payment System (PPS) payment rate.

1. Newly qualified FQHCs/RHCs adopting the alternative payment methodology after Federal Fiscal Year 2000 will have initial payments established through pro-forma cost reporting methods.
2. At the end of the cost reporting cycle, the State shall compare the alternative per visit rate to the PPS rate and reimburse the center/clinic the higher of the alternative rate or the PPS rate for the number of visits recorded during the reporting period.

B. In the event a FQHC/RHC does not select the Alternative Payment Methodology, the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) shall provide payment consistent with the new Prospective Payment System (PPS) as prescribed by the BIPA of 2000, Section 702.

1. Baseline PPS Rate Methodology. The PPS baseline payment period (January 1, 2001 –September 30, 2001) rate shall be determined by averaging 100% of the FQHCs/RHCs reasonable costs of providing Medicaid-covered services during the providers’ 1999 and 2000 fiscal years, adjusted to take into account any increase or decrease in the scope of services furnished during provider FY 2001 by the FQHC/RHC (calculating the payment amount on a per visit basis). Beginning October 1, 2001, and for each fiscal year thereafter, each FQHC/RHC shall be entitled to the payment amount (on a per visit basis) to which the center or clinic was entitled under the Benefit Improvement Protection Act (BIPA) of 2000 in the previous fiscal year, adjusted by the percentage change in the Medicare Economic Index (MEI) for primary care services, and adjusted to take into account any increase or decrease in the scope of services furnished by the FQHC/RHC during its fiscal year.
2. For new FQHCs/RHCs that qualify on or after fiscal year 2000, the DMAS will compare the new clinic/center to other centers/clinics in the same or adjacent areas, as defined by the current U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Metropolitan Statistical Area Component County List, issued by the Office of Management and Budget, with similar caseloads for purposes of establishing an initial payment rate. If no comparable center/clinic exists, the DMAS will compute a center/clinic specific rate based upon the clinic’s pro-forma budget or historical costs adjusted for changes in scope of services. At the end of the first fiscal year, initial payments will be reconciled to equate to 100% of costs. After the initial year, payment shall be increased or decreased using the MEI and adjusted for changes in the scope of services as described above.

C. Supplemental payments. As specified in the BIPA of 2000, Section 702, in the case of services furnished by FQHC/RHC pursuant to a contract between the center and a managed care entity (MCE), provision is hereby made for payment to the center of clinic at least quarterly by the Commonwealth of a supplemental payment equal to the amount (if any) by which the amount determined under A or B above exceeds the mount of the payments provided under such HMO contract.

1. Supplemental Payments for FQHCs/RHCs selecting the alternative methodology. FQHCs/RHCs that provide services under a contract with a Medicaid managed care entity (MCE) will receive quarterly state supplemental payments for the cost of furnishing such services, that are an estimate of the difference between the payments the FQHC/RHC receives from MCE(s) and the payments the FQHC/RHC would have received under the alternative methodology. At the end of FQHCs/RHCs fiscal year, the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC will be reviewed against the amount that the actual number of visits provided under the FQHCs/RHCs contract with MCE(s) would have yielded under the alternative methodology. If the alternative amount exceeds the total amount of the supplemental and MCE payments, the FQHC/RHC will be paid the difference between the amount calculated using the alternative methodology and actual number of visit, and the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC. If the alternative amount is less than the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments, the FQHC/RHC will refund the difference to DMAS between the alternative amount calculated using the actual number of visits, and the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments are received by the FQHC/RHC.

2. Supplemental Payments for FQHCs/RHCs selecting the PPS methodology. FQHCs/RHCs that provide services under a contract with a Medicaid Managed Care Entity (MCE) will receive quarterly state supplemental payments for the cost of furnishing such services that are an estimate of the difference between the payments the FQHC/RHC receives from MCEs and the payments the FQHC/RHC would have received under the BIPA PPS methodology. At the end of each FQHCs/RHCs fiscal year, the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC will be reviewed against the amount that the actual number of visits provided under the FQHCs/RHCs contract with MCE would have yielded under the PPS. If the PPS amount exceeds the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments, the FQHC/RHC will be paid the difference between the PPS amount calculated using the actual number of visits and the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC. If the PPS amount is less than the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments, the FQHC/RHC will refund to DMAS the difference between the PPS amount calculated
using the actual number of visits, and the total amount of supplemental and MCE payments received by the FQHC/RHC.

D. These providers shall be subject to the same cost reporting submission requirements as specified in State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, page 1.1 (12VAC30-80-410) for cost-based reimbursed providers.

A. Reimbursement for Tribal Health Clinics

1. Services provided by or through facilities of the Indian Health Services (IHS) which includes, at the option of the tribe, facilities operated by a tribe or tribal organization and funded by Title I or V of the Indian Self Determination and Education Assistance Act, also known as Tribal 638 facilities, are paid at the applicable IHS OMB rate published in the annual Federal Register or Federal Register Notices by IHS.
2. The most current published IHS OMB outpatient per visit rate, also known as the outpatient all inclusive rate, is paid for up to five (5) outpatient visits per beneficiary per calendar day for professional services. An outpatient visit is defined as a face-to-face or telemedicine contact between any health care professional, at or through the IHS facility as described above, authorized to provide services under the State Plan and a beneficiary for the provision of Title XIX defined services, as documented in the beneficiary’s medical record.
3. To be included in the outpatient per visit rate are certain pharmaceutical/drugs, dental services, rehabilitative services, behavioral health services, any and all ancillary services, and emergency room services provided on-site and medical supplies incidental to the services provided to the beneficiary.

B. Payments to Tribal 638 Programs

1. Virginia Medicaid reimburses Tribal 638 facilities in accordance with the most recently published Federal Register. Encounters/visits are limited to healthcare professionals as approved under the Virginia Medicaid State Plan. A tribal health program selecting to enroll as a FQHC and agreeing to an alternate payment methodology (APM) will be paid using the APM.

C. Alternative Payment Methodology for Tribal Facilities Recognized as FQHCs

1. Outpatient health programs or facilities operated by a Tribe or Tribal organization that choose to be recognized as FQHCs in accordance with Section 1905 (I)(2)(B) of the Social Security Act and the Indian Self-Determination Act (Public Law 93-638) will be paid using an alternative payment methodology (APM) for services, that is the published, all-inclusive rate (AIR). The APM/AIR rate is paid for up to five face-to-face encounters/visits per recipient per day.
2. Virginia Medicaid will establish a Prospective Payment System (PPS) methodology for the Tribal facility so that the Agency can determine on an annual basis that the published, all-inclusive rate results in payment to the center or clinic of an amount which is at least equal to the PPS payment rate. The PPS rate will be established by reference to the current rate applicable to one or more non-tribal FQHCs in the same or adjacent areas with similar caseloads. If such a non-tribal FQHC is not available, the PPS rate will be established by reference to the current rate applicable to one or more non-tribal FQHCs in the same or adjacent areas with a similar scope of services. If there is no non-tribal FQHC in the same or adjacent area with similar caseloads or similar scope of services, the PPS rate will be based on an average rate of non-tribal FQHCs throughout the state. The Tribal facility would not be required to report its costs for the purposes of establishing a PPS rate. The APM is effective for services provided on and after February 24, 2021.
3. The individual FQHC must agree to receive the APM.

A. Payment for the following services, except for physician services, shall be the lower of the State agency fee schedule (Supplement 4 has information about the State agency fee schedule except as specified below) or actual charge (charge to the general public). Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private individual practitioners. Fee schedules and any annual /periodic adjustments to the fee schedule are published on the DMAS website at the following web address: http://www.dmas.virginia.gov.

1. Physicians' services. Payment for physician services shall be the lower of the State agency fee schedule or actual charge (charge to the general public).

2. Dentists' services: Dental services, dental provider qualifications and dental service limits are identified in State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, Supplement 1, page 16.1 and 16.1.1. Dental services are paid based on procedure codes which are listed in the Agency' fee schedule rate, effective July 1, 2024. All rates are published on the DMAS website at www.dmas.virginia.gov. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private individual practitioners.

a. Dentures. Coverage and service limits for dentures are identified in State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, Supplement 1, page 26.1. Dental services are paid based on procedure codes which are listed in the Agency's fee schedule rate, effective July 1, 2024. All rates are published on the DMAS website at www.dmas.virginia.gov. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private individual practitioners.

3. Mental health services

a. Professional services furnished by non-physicians, as described in 3.1A&B, Supplement 1, page 7 and page 11. These services are reimbursed using CPT codes. The agency’s fee schedule rate is based on the methodology described in State Plan Attachment 4-19B, page 4.11, section 6(A) 1.
b. Services provided by licensed clinical psychologists shall be reimbursed at 90% of the reimbursement rate for psychiatrists in State Plan Attachment 4-19B, page 4.11, section 6 (A)1.
c. Services provided by independently enrolled licensed clinical social workers, licensed professional counselors, licensed clinical nurse specialists-psychiatric, or licensed marriage and family therapists shall be reimbursed at 75% of the reimbursement rate for licensed clinical psychologists.
d. Intensive In-Home, as defined per Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, Supplement 1, page 6.0.2, and provided by the individuals who are listed in State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, Supplement 1, page 6.0.3 and defined in State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, Supplement 1, page 6.0.1, is reimbursed on an hourly unit of service. The Agency's rates were set as of January 1, 2024, and are effective for services on or after that date.
e. Therapeutic Day Treatment, as defined per Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, page 6.0.4, and provided by the individuals who are listed in State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, Supplement 1, page 6.1 and defined in State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, Supplement 1, page 6.0.1,is reimbursed based on the following units of service: One unit = 2 to 2.99 hours; two units = 3 to 4.99 hours; three units = 5 plus hours. No room and board is included in the rates for therapeutic day treatment. The Agency's rates were set as of January 1, 2024, and are effective for services on or after that date.
f. Therapeutic Group Home services (formerly called Level A and Level B group home services), as defined per Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, page 6.2, shall be reimbursed based on a daily unit of service. No room and board is included in the rates for therapeutic group home services. The Agency’s rates were set as of July 1, 2022, and are effective for services on or after that date.

The rates for EPSDT Therapeutic Group Home services, as defined per supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, page 6.2, shall be reimbursed based on a daily unit of service. No room and board is included in the rates for EPSDT Therapeutic Group Home services. The agency’s rates were set as of July 1, 2024, and are effective for services on or after that date.

(1) Mental Health Intensive Outpatient services are reimbursed based on a per-diem unit that accounts for the wages, employee costs, and other allowable costs associated with providing this service. The rate for this service does not include costs related to room and board or other unallowable facility costs. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. The Agency's fee schedule rate was set as of January 1, 2024, and is effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
(2) Residential Crisis Stabilization is reimbursed based on a per-diem unit. The rate for this service does not include costs related to room and board or other unallowable facility costs. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. The Agency's fee schedule rate was set as of January 1, 2024, and is effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
(3) 23-Hour Residential Crisis Stabilization is a form of Residential Crisis Stabilization that is provided as a 23-hour service and is reimbursed on a per-diem unit. The rate for this service does not include costs related to room and board or other unallowable facility costs. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. The Agency's fee schedule rate was set as of January 1, 2024 and is effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
(4) Multisystemic Therapy is reimbursed based on a 15-minute unit of service. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. The Agency's fee schedule rate was set as of January 1, 2024, and is effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
(5) Functional Family Therapy is reimbursed based on a 15-minute unit of service. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. The Agency's fee schedule rate was set as of January 1, 2024, and is effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.

e. Mental Health Partial Hospitalization Program services are reimbursed based on a per diem unit that accounts for the wages, employee costs, and other allowable costs associated with providing this service. The rate for this service does not include costs related to room and board or other unallowable facility costs. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. The Agency's fee schedule rate was set as of January 1, 2024, and is effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
f. Psychosocial Rehabilitation is reimbursed based on the following units of service: One unit = 2 to 3.99 hours per day; Two units = 4 to 6.99 hours per day; Three units = 7 + hours per day. The rates account for the wages, employee costs, and other allowable costs associated with providing this service. The Agency's rates were set as of January 1, 2024, and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
g. Mobile Crisis Response is reimbursed based on a 15-minute unit of service. The rates account for the wages, employee costs, and other allowable costs associated with providing this service. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. The Agency's fee schedule rate was set as of January 1, 2024, and is effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
h. Assertive Community Treatment is reimbursed on a daily unit of service that accounts for the wages, employee costs, and other allowable costs associated with providing this service. The Agency's rates were set as of January 1, 2024, and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
i. Community Stabilization is reimbursed on a 15-minute unit of service that accounts for the wages, employee costs, and other allowable costs associated with providing this service. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. The Agency's fee schedule rate was set as of January 1, 2024, and is effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.
j. Independent Living and Recovery Services (previously called Mental Health Skill-Building Services) are reimbursed based on the following units of service: One unit is 1 to 2.99 hours per day, two units is 3 to 4.99 hours per day. The rates account for the wages, employee costs, and other allowable costs associated with providing this service The Agency's rates were set as of January 1, 2024 and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the Agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header for HCPC Codes and look for this service.

k. Reimbursement for outpatient substance use disorder services: Other Providers, including Licensed Mental Health Professionals (LMHP) (42 CFR 447, Subpart F)

(1) Outpatient substance use disorder services furnished by physicians or other licensed practitioners as described in State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, Supp 1, page 10.1 for assessment and evaluation or treatment of substance use disorders as defined per State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, Supp 1, page 49 shall be reimbursed using the methodology described in section 6(A)(Fee-for-Service Providers) of State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, page 4.8 and page 6 and in Supplement 4 to State Plan Attachment 4.19-B subject to the following reductions for psychotherapy services for other licensed practitioners. The same rates shall be paid to governmental and private providers. These services are reimbursed based on Current Procedural Terminology codes and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes. The agency's rates were set as of April 1, 2017, and are updated as described in Supplement 4 to State Plan Attachment 4.19-B. All rates are published on the DMAS website: https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/.

(a). Services of a licensed clinical psychologist shall be reimbursed at 90% of the reimbursement rate for psychiatrists.
(b). Services provided by independently enrolled licensed clinical social workers, licensed professional counselors, licensed marriage and family therapists, licensed psychiatric nurse practitioners, licensed substance abuse treatment practitioners, or registered clinical nurse specialists-psychiatric shall be reimbursed at 75% of the reimbursement rate for licensed clinical psychologists.

l. Rates for the following addiction and recovery treatment physician and freestanding clinic services shall be based on the Agency fee schedule: OTP and OBAT, which are described in State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, Supplement 1, pages 45-49. OTP and OBAT services may be provided by physicians, other licensed practitioners, or in clinics, and shall use the following methodologies. For all of these services, the same rates shall be paid to governmental and private providers. All rates are published on the DMAS website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/.

(1) the induction of medication for alcohol use disorder (AUD) which is reimbursed per encounter; rate set as of April 1, 2017.

(2) Substance Use Care Coordination, which is reimbursed based on a monthly unit, rate set as of April 1, 2017.

(3) Medication Administration, which is reimbursed per daily medication dose, rate set as of April 1, 2017.

(4) Substance Use Disorder Counseling and Psychotherapy, which is reimbursed based on a 15-minute unit, rate set as of April 1, 2017.

(5) Telehealth originating site facility fee, which is reimbursed per visit, rate set as of January 1, 2002.

m. Reimbursement of substance use disorder services: The following services are reimbursed based on CPT codes, with the rates set on various dates:

(a) Physician/Nurse Practitioner Evaluation and management visits (rate set 7/1/16); Alcohol Breathalyzer (rate set 7/1/14); Presumptive drug class screening, any drug class (rate set 4.1.17); Definitive drug classes (rate set 4/1/17); RPR Test (rate set 7/1/14); Hepatitis B and C / HIV Tests (rate set 7/1/14); Pregnancy Test (rate set 7/1/14); TB Test (rate set 7/1/16); EKG (rate set 7/1/17).

(b) The Medicaid and commercial rates for similar services as well as the cost for providing services shall be considered when establishing the fee schedules so that payments shall be consistent with economy, efficiency and quality of care.

n. Community ARTS rehabilitation services. Per diem rates for partial hospitalization (ASAM Level 2.5) described in State Plan Attachment 3. IA&B, Supplement 1, page 52, and intensive outpatient (ASAM Level 2.1) described in State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, Supplement 1, page 50 for ARTS shall be based on the agency fee schedule. No room and board is included in the rates for partial hospitalization. The Medicaid and commercial rates for similar services as well as the cost for providing services shall be considered when establishing the fee schedules so that payments shall be consistent with economy, efficiency, and quality of care. The same rates shall be paid to governmental and private providers. The agency's rates shall be set as of April 1, 2017, and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the DMAS website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/.
o. ARTS federally qualified health center or rural health clinic services (ASAM Level 1.0) described in State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, Supplement 1, page 49, for assessment and evaluation of treatment of substance use disorder shall be reimbursed using the methodology described in 4.19-B, page 4.6 (12VAC30-80-420).
p. Substance use case management services. Substance use case management services, as described in State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, Supplement 2, page 40 (12 VAC 30-50-491) shall be reimbursed at a monthly rate based on the agency fee schedule. The Medicaid and commercial rates for similar services as well as the cost for providing services shall be considered when establishing the fee schedules so that payment shall be consistent with economy, efficiency, and quality of care. The same rates shall be paid to governmental and private providers. The agency's rates shall be set as of April 1, 2017, and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the DMAS website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/.

q. Peer Support Services and Family Support Partners, as defined per Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, pages 54 through 59, and furnished by enrolled providers or provider agencies, shall be reimbursed based on the agency fee schedule for 15-minute units of service. The agency's rates were set as of January 1, 2024, and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the DMAS website at:
https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers of (ex. case management for persons with chronic mental illness).

(1) Peer Support Services and Family Support Partners shall not be reimbursed if the services operate in the same building as other day services unless (i) there is a distinct separation between services in staffing, program description, and physical space and (ii) Peer Support Services or Family Support Partners do not impede, interrupt, or interfere with the provision of the primary service.
(2) Family Support Partners services shall not be reimbursed for an individual who resides in a congregate setting in which the caregivers are paid (such as child caring institutions, or any other living environment that is not comprised of more permanent caregivers) unless (i) the individual is actively preparing for transition back to a single-family unit, (ii) the caregiver is present during the intervention, (iii) the service is directed to supporting the unification/reunification of the individual and his/her caregiver and (iv) the service takes place in that home and community.

4. Durable medical equipment (DME).

a. Definitions. The following words and terms, when used in this part, shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"DMERC" means the Durable Medical Equipment Regional Carrier rate as published by Medicare at http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/DMEPOSFeeSched/.

"HCPCS" means the Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System as published by Ingenix (copyright 2006), as may be periodically updated.

b. Reimbursement method.

(1) Except as otherwise noted in the Plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers of durable medical equipment. The agency’s fee schedule rate was set as of July 1, 2010, and is effective for services provided on or after that date.
(2) If the DME item has a DMERC rate, the reimbursement rate shall be the DMERC rate minus 10% or the average of the Medicare competitive bid rates for all providers in Virginia markets. For dates of service on or after July 1, 2014, DME items subject to the Medicare competitive bidding program shall be reimbursed the lower of the current DMERC rate minus 10% or the average of the Medicare competitive bid rates in Virginia markets.
(3) For DME items with no DMERC rate, the agency shall use the fee schedule amount. The reimbursement rates for durable medical equipment and supplies shall be listed in the appropriate agency guidance document. The fee schedule is available on the Agency website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.
(4) If a DME item has no DMERC rate or agency fee schedule rate, the reimbursement rate shall be the net manufacturer’s charge to the provider, less shipping and handling, plus 30%.
c. Subject to CMS’ approval, DMAS shall have the authority to amend the DME fee schedule as it deems appropriate and with notice to providers. DMAS shall determine alternate pricing, based on agency research, for any code which does not have a DMERC rate.
d. Certain durable medical equipment used for intravenous therapy and oxygen therapy shall be under specified procedure codes and reimbursed as determined by the agency. Certain services/durable medical equipment such as service maintenance agreements shall be under specified procedure codes and reimbursed as determined by the agency.

(1) Intravenous therapies. The DME for a single therapy, administered in one day, shall be reimbursed at the established service day rate for the bundled durable medical equipment and the standard pharmacy payment, consistent with the ingredient cost as described in 12 VAC30-80-500, plus the pharmacy service day and dispensing fee. Multiple applications of the same therapy shall be included in one service day rate of reimbursement. Multiple applications of different therapies administered in one day shall be reimbursed for the bundled durable medical equipment service day rate as follows: the most expensive therapy shall be reimbursed at 100% of cost; the second and all subsequent most expensive therapies shall be reimbursed at 50% of cost. Multiple therapies administered in one day shall be reimbursed at the pharmacy service day rate plus 100% of every active therapeutic ingredient in the compound (at the lowest ingredient cost methodology) plus the appropriate pharmacy dispensing fee.

(2) Respiratory therapies. The DME for oxygen therapy shall have supplies or components under a service day rate based on oxygen liter flow rate or blood gas levels. Equipment associated with respiratory therapy may have ancillary components bundled with the main component for reimbursement. The reimbursement shall be a service day per diem rate for rental of equipment or a total amount of purchase for the purchase of equipment. Such respiratory equipment shall include, but not be limited to, oxygen tanks and tubing, ventilators, and suction machines. Ventilators, noncontinuous ventilators, and suction machines may be purchased based on the individual patient’s medical necessity and length of need.
(3) Service maintenance agreements. Provision shall be made for a combination of services, routine maintenance, and supplies, to be known as agreements, under a single reimbursement code only for equipment that is recipient owned. Such bundled agreements shall be reimbursed either monthly or in units per year based on the individual agreement between the DME provider and DMAS. Such bundled agreements may apply to, but not necessarily be limited to, either respiratory equipment or apnea monitors.
e. Effective July 1, 2024, enteral products and supplies in the DMAS fee schedule for Feeding Kits and Nutrition Kits/Feeding Tubes shall have reimbursement rates set to 100 percent the Medicare rural rates or 100 percent of non-rural rates if a rural rate does not exist for the specific DME product.
f. Durable medical equipment codes that are subject to the transition rules in 42 CFR 414.210 (g)(9)(vi) shall be paid at the rate that was in effect on December 31, 2023, until that paragraph is amended by federal law. At that time, the durable medical equipment codes that were subject to the transition rules shall be paid at the new rate specified in federal law.

5. Laboratory services (Other than inpatient hospital) The agency's rates for clinical laboratory services were set as of July 1, 2014, and are effective for services on or after that date.
6. Payments to physicians who handle laboratory specimens, but do not perform laboratory analysis (limited to payment for handling).
7. Reserved.
8. Home health services: Effective June 30, 1991, cost reimbursement for home health services is eliminated. A rate per visit by discipline shall be established as set forth by Supplement 3. (12VAC30-80-680)
9. Physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech, hearing, language disorders services when rendered to non-institutionalized recipients. Physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech language therapy services furnished by state rehabilitation agencies are paid on a cost basis (see sec. 2D, page 4.1). All other services under this section furnished by rehabilitation agencies are paid rates established by Supplement 5.
10. Clinic services, as defined under 42 CFR 440.90, except for services in ambulatory surgery clinics reimbursed under State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, page 7.2 (12 VAC 30-80-480).
11. Supplemental payments to state government-owned or operated clinics. (Repealed effective July 1, 2005)

A. Payment for the following services shall be made in accordance with 12VAC30-80-440, A:

1. Podiatry

2. Nurse-midwife services

3. Local health services, including services paid to local school districts

4. X-ray services

5. Optometry services

A. Reimbursement for personal care services for individuals enrolled in the Medicaid Buy-In program described in State Plan Attachment 2.6A, Supplement 8a, p 1-3 or for personal care services covered under EPSDT. All governmental and private providers are reimbursed according to the same published fee schedule. All rates are published on the DMAS website at www.dmas.virginia.gov. The Agency's rates, based upon one-hour increments, were set as of July 1, 2024, and shall be effective for 1902(a) state plan authorized services on and after that date. Qualifying overtime for consumer-directed personal care provided under EPSDT will be paid 150% of the fee schedule, and qualifying sick leave for consumer – directed personal care provided under EPSDT will be at 100% of the fee schedule.

1. Reimbursement for consumer-directed services facilitator services under EPSDT as described per Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, pages 6.4.7 & 6.4.8. All governmental and private providers are reimbursed according to the same published fee schedule, located on the DMAS website at www.dmas.virginia.gov. The Agency's rates were set as of July 1, 2024, and shall be effective for services provided on and after that date.

B. Private duty nursing services covered under EPSDT as defined per Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B, page 6.4.8, with provider qualifications on page 6.4.8, are reimbursed based on a 15-minute unit of service in accordance with the State Agency fee schedule. The fee schedule is the same for both governmental and private providers and was set as of July 1, 2022, and shall be effective for services provided on and after that date. The state agency fee schedule is published on the DMAS website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

C. Medical Supplies, Equipment and Appliances (assistive technology) covered under EPSDT, as defined per Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, page 6.4.9, with provider qualifications on page 6.4.10. The service shall be reimbursed based upon the total cost of all AT incurred by the provider.

D. Reserved.

E. Hospice services, as defined per State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, Supplement 1, pages 33-37. Hospice services payments are effective October 1 annually and are equivalent to the annual Medicaid hospice rates published by CMS. As of July 1, 2019, room and board will be reimbursed at a rate equal to 100 percent of the skilled nursing facility rate for Medicaid members receiving hospice services who reside in a nursing facility. Hospice services shall be paid according to the location of the service delivery and not the location of the Agency's home office. Payments to a hospice for inpatient care are limited according to the number of days of inpatient care furnished to Medicaid members. During the twelve (12) month period beginning October 1 of each year and ending September 30 of the next year, the aggregate number of inpatient days (both general inpatient days and inpatient respite care days) for any given hospice provider may not exceed twenty percent (20%) of the total number of days of hospice care provided to all Medicaid members during the same period.

1. Services that are included in the hospice reimbursement are:

a. Routine Home Care where most hospice care is provided - Days 1- 60;

b. Routine Home Care where most hospice care is provided-Days 61 and over;

c. Continuous Home Care;

d. Hospice Inpatient Respite Care;

e. Hospice General Inpatient Care;

f. Service Intensity Add-On (SIA) will be made for a visit by a social worker or a registered nurse (RN), when provided during routine home care provided in the last 7 days of a Medicaid member's life. The SIA payment is in addition to the routine home care rate. The SIA Medicaid reimbursement will be equal to the Continuous Home Care hourly payment rate (as calculated annually by CMS), multiplied by the amount of direct patient care hours provided by an RN or social worker for up to four (4) hours total that occurred on the day of service, and adjusted by the appropriate hospice wage index published by CMS.

F. Effective July 1, 2019, the telehealth originating site facility fee shall be set at 100 percent of the Medicare rate and shall reflect changes annually based on any changes in the Medicare rate.

G. Applied Behavior Analysis Services are reimbursed based on a 15-minute unit of service. The agency’s rates were set as of July 1, 2022, and are effective for services on or after that date. All governmental and private providers are reimbursed according to the same published fee schedule, located on the agency’s website at the following address: https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-settings/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/ - go to the header "Search CPT Codes."

H. Doula Services.

1. Doula services may be reimbursed from the date of confirmed conception through 180 days (six months) after delivery, contingent on the client maintaining Medicaid eligibility. Virginia will reimburse up to 8 prenatal/postpartum visits and attendance at birth. Any service limits may be exceeded based upon medical necessity. Service authorization is required if more than eight prenatal/postpartum visits are required, and if services are required more than six months after delivery.

2. Each prenatal/postpartum service visit shall be billed and reimbursed separately. A unit of service is 15 minutes. An initial prenatal visit has a maximum unit capacity of six (6) units to account for assessment while all other visits have a maximum capacity of four (4) units.

3. During the postpartum period, an additional value-based incentive payment will be made if the Doula performs at least one (1) postpartum service visit and the client is seen by an obstetric clinician for one (1) postpartum visit after a labor and delivery claim. A second additional value-based incentive payment will be made if the Doula performs at least one (1) postpartum service visit (this may be the same postpartum visit used for the first value-based payment) and the newborn is seen by a pediatric clinician for one (1) visit after a labor and delivery claim.

4. The Agency’s fee schedule rates for doula services are set as of January 1, 2022, and are effective for services on or after that date. The rates are the same for both governmental and private providers. All rates are published on the State’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-settings/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/.

I. Other Practitioner Services

1. Vaccines administered by pharmacies (pharmacists, pharmacy interns, or pharmacy technicians) shall be reimbursed at the cost of the vaccine plus an administration fee not to exceed $16. Vaccines obtained at no cost to the pharmacy shall be reimbursed for the administration fee only. No dispensing fee will be reimbursed.

2. Services administered by pharmacists, and pharmacy interns and pharmacy technicians supervised by pharmacists, as defined on page 10 of Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1-A&B are paid based on codes which are listed in the Agency’s fee schedule rate. All rates are published on the agency’s website at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-settings/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, State developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers.

A. Supplemental payments for services provided by Type One physicians.

1. A Type One physician is a member of a practice group organized by or under the control of a state academic health system or an academic health system that operates under a state authority and includes a hospital, which has entered into contractual agreements for the assignment of payments in accordance with 42 CFR 447.10.
2. The methodology for determining the Medicare Equivalent of the Average commercial Rate is described in Supplement 6 to State Plan Attachment 4.19-B. 3. Supplemental payments shall be made quarterly, no later than 90 days after the end of the quarter.
4. Effective April 1, 2023, the supplemental payment amount for Type I physician services shall be the difference between the Medicaid payments otherwise made for physician services and 238% of Medicare rates.

B. Supplemental payment for services provided by physicians at Virginia freestanding children's hospitals.

1. In addition to payments for physician services specified elsewhere in this State Plan, DMAS provides supplemental payments to Virginia freestanding children's hospital physicians providing services at freestanding children's hospitals with greater than 50% Medicaid inpatient utilization in state fiscal year 2009 for furnished services provided on or after July 1, 2011. A freestanding children's hospital physician is a member of a practice group (i) organized by or under control of a qualifying Virginia freestanding children's hospital, or (ii) who has entered into contractual agreements for provision of physician services at the qualifying Virginia freestanding children's hospital and that is designated in writing by the Virginia freestanding children's hospital as a practice plan for the quarter for which the supplemental payment is made subject to DMAS approval. The freestanding children's hospital physicians also must have entered into contractual agreements with the practice plan for the assignment of payments in accordance with 42 CFR § 447.10.

2. Effective July 1, 2023, the supplemental payment amount for freestanding children’s hospital physician services shall be the difference between the Medicaid payments otherwise made for freestanding children's hospital physician services and 191% of Medicare rates as defined in the supplemental payment calculation for Type I physician services. Payments shall be made on the same schedule as Type I physicians.

C. Supplemental payments to nonstate government-owned or operated clinics.

1. In addition to payments for clinic services specified elsewhere, DMAS provides supplemental payments to qualifying nonstate government-owned or operated clinics for outpatient services provided to Medicaid patients on or after July 2, 2002. Clinic means a facility that is not part of a hospital but is organized and operated to provide medical care to outpatients. Outpatient services include those furnished by or under the direction of a physician, dentist or other medical professional acting within the scope of his license to an eligible individual. Effective July 1, 2005, a qualifying clinic is a clinic operated by a Community Services Board.
2. The amount of the supplemental payment made to each qualifying nonstate government-owned or operated clinic is determined by:

a. Calculating for each clinic the annual difference between the upper payment limit attributed to each clinic according to subdivision 18 d and the amount otherwise actually paid for the services by the Medicaid program;
b. Dividing the difference determined in subdivision 18 b (1) for each qualifying clinic by the aggregate difference for all such qualifying clinics; and
c. Multiplying the proportion determined in subdivision (2) of this subdivision 18 b by the aggregate upper payment limit amount for all such clinics as determined in accordance with 42 CFR 447.321 less all payments made to such clinics other than under this section.

3. Payments for furnished services made under this section will be made annually in a lump sum during the last quarter of the fiscal year.

D. Supplemental payments for services provided by physicians affiliated with Eastern Virginia Medical Center Physicians.

1. In addition to payment for physician services specified elsewhere in the State Plan, DMAS provides supplemental payments to physicians affiliated with Eastern Virginia Medical Center Physicians. A physician affiliated with Eastern Virginia Medical Center Physicians is a physician who is employed by a publicly-funded medical school that is a political subdivision of the Commonwealth of Virginia, who provides clinical services through the faculty practice plan affiliated with the publicly funded medical school, and has entered into contractual arrangements for the assignment of payment in accordance with 42 CFR 447.10.
2. Effective July 1, 2022, the supplemental payment amount shall be the difference between the average commercial rate (ACR) approved by CMS and the payments otherwise made to physicians. The methodology for determining the Medicare Equivalent of the Average Commercial Rate is described in, Supplement 6, State Plan Attachment 4.19-B.
3. Supplemental payments shall be made quarterly, no later than 90 days after the end of the quarter.

4. To determine the aggregate upper payment limit referred to in subdivision 18 b(3), Medicaid payments to nonstate government-owned or operated clinics will be divided by the "additional factor" whose calculation is described in State Plan Attachment 4.19- B, Supplement 4 (12 VAC 30-80-690) in regard to the state agency fee schedule for RBRVS. Medicaid payments will be estimated using payments for dates of service from the prior fiscal year adjusted for expected claim payments. Additional adjustments will be made for any program changes in Medicare or Medicaid payments.

E. Supplemental payments for services provided by physicians at freestanding children's hospitals serving children in planning district 8.

1. In addition to payments for physician services specified elsewhere in the State Plan, DMAS shall make supplemental payments for physicians employed at a freestanding children's hospital serving children in planning district 8 with more than 50 percent Medicaid inpatient utilization in fiscal year 2014. This applies to physician practices affiliated with Children's National Health System.
2. The supplemental payment amount for qualifying physician services shall be the maximum allowed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to meet the requirements of Section 1902(a)(30)(A) of the Social Security Act (the Act) that Medicaid payments be "consistent with efficiency, economy, and quality of care." The methodology for determining allowable percent of Medicare rates and distributing supplemental payments to qualifying providers is based on the Medicare equivalent of the average commercial rate described on the Medicaid.gov website at https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/financial-management/payment-limit-demonstrations under the "Qualified Practitioner Services Average
Commercial Rate" section and in Supplement 6.
3. Supplemental payments shall be made quarterly no later than 90 days after the end of the quarter. Any quarterly payment that would have been due prior to the approval date shall be made no later than 90 days after the approval date.

F. Supplemental payments for services provided by physicians at general acute care non-state government owned hospitals.

1. In addition to payments for physician services specified elsewhere in the State Plan, DMAS shall make supplemental payments for general acute care non-state government owned hospitals. This applies to physician practices employed by or under contract with general acute care non-state government owned hospitals.
2. The supplemental payment amount for qualifying physician services shall be the maximum allowed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to meet the requirements of Section 1902(a)(30)(A) of the Social Security Act (the Act) that Medicaid payments be "consistent with efficiency, economy, and quality of care." The methodology for determining allowable percent of Medicare rates and distributing supplemental payments to qualifying providers is based on the Medicare equivalent of the average commercial rate described on the Medicaid.gov website at https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/financial-management/payment-limit-demonstrations under the "Qualified Practitioner Services Average
Commercial Rate" section and in State Plan Supplement 6.
3. Supplemental payments shall be made quarterly no later than 90 days after the end of the quarter. Any quarterly payment that would have been due prior to the approval date shall be made no later than 90 days after the approval date.

G. Supplemental payments to state-owned or operated clinics.

1. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2015, DMAS shall make supplemental payments to qualifying state-owned or operated clinics for outpatient services provided to Medicaid patients on or after July 1, 2015. Clinic means a facility that is not part of a hospital but is organized and operated to provide medical care to outpatients. Outpatient services include those furnished by or under the direction of a physician, dentist or other medical professional acting within the scope of his license to an eligible individual.
2. The amount of the supplemental payment made to each qualifying state-owned or operated clinic is determined by: Calculating for each clinic the annual difference between the upper payment limit attributed to each clinic according to subdivision 4 of this subsection and the amount otherwise actually paid for the services by the Medicaid program;
3. Payments for furnished services made under this section shall be made annually in lump sum payments to each clinic.
4. To determine the upper payment limit for each clinic referred to in subdivision 2 of this subsection the state payment rate schedule shall be compared to the Medicare resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS) non-facility fee schedule per CPT code for a base period of claims. The base period claims shall be extracted from the MMIS and exclude crossover claims.

A. Definitions: The following words and terms when used in this part shall have the following meaning unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Ambulatory Patient Group (APG)" means a defined group of outpatient procedures, encounters, or ancillary services that incorporates International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnosis codes, Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes, and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes.

"APG relative weight" means the relative expected average costs for each APG divided by the relative expected average costs for visits assigned to all APGs.

B. Effective April 5, 2010, the prospective Ambulatory Patient Group (APG)-based payment system described as follows shall apply to Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) services:

1. The operating payments for ASC visits shall be determined on the basis of a base rate per visit times the relative weight of the APG to which the visit is assigned.
2. The APG relative weights shall be the weights determined and published periodically by DMAS. The weights shall be updated at least every three years. These values are listed on the DMAS website at the following internet address: http://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/.
3. The base rate shall be adjusted by the budget neutrality factor (BNF) to ensure that no increase in expenditures occurs as a result of updates to the relative weights. The base period used to adjust the base rate shall be a recent 12-month period prior to the fiscal year that the new base rates will be effective.

4. The operating payment shall represent total allowable amount for a visit including ancillary services.
5. The agency’s rates and weights were set as of April 5, 2010 and are effective for services on or after that date subject to provisions in subsections B2 and B3. All rates and weights are published on the agency’s website at the web address above. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state developed ASC fee schedule rates and weights are the same for both governmental and private providers.

C. The Ambulatory Patient Group (APG) grouper used in the ASC payment system for ASCs shall be determined by DMAS. Providers or provider representatives shall be given notice prior to implementing a new grouper.

A. Definitions. The following words and terms when used in this part shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Enhanced Ambulatory Patient Group (EAPG)" means a defined group of outpatient procedures, encounters, or ancillary services that incorporates International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnosis codes, Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes, and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes.

"EAPG relative weight" means the expected average costs for each EAPG divided by the relative expected average costs for visits assigned to all EAPGs.

"Base year" means the state fiscal year for which data is used to establish the EAPG base rate. The base year will change when the EAPG payment system is rebased and recalibrated. In subsequent rebasings, the Commonwealth shall notify affected providers of the base year to be used in this calculation.

"Cost" means the reported cost as defined in 12VAC30-80-410.

"Medicare wage index" is published annually in the Federal Register by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. The indices used in this section shall be those in effect in the base year.

"Cost-to-charge ratio" equals the hospital's total costs divided by the hospital's total charges. The cost-to charge ratio shall be calculated using data from cost reports from hospital fiscal years ending in the state fiscal year used as the base year.

B. Effective January 1, 2014, the prospective Enhanced Ambulatory Patient Group (EAPG) based payment system described as follows shall apply to reimbursement for outpatient hospital services with the exception of laboratory services referred to the hospital but not associated with an outpatient hospital
visit, which will be reimbursed according to the laboratory fee schedule:

1. The payments for outpatient hospital visits shall be determined on the basis of a hospital-specific base rate per visit times the relative weights of the EAPGs (and the payment action) assigned for each of the services performed during a hospital visit.

2. The EAPG relative weights shall be the weights determined and published periodically by DMAS and shall be consistent with applicable Medicaid reimbursement limits and policies. The weights shall be updated at least every three years. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, the state-developed weights are the same for both governmental and private providers of outpatient hospital services. The agency's weights were set as of January 1, 2014 and are effective for services provided on or after that date. All rates are published at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/outpatient-eapg/.

3. The statewide base rate shall be equal to the total costs described below divided by the wage- adjusted sum of the EAPG weights for each facility. The wage-adjusted sum of the EAPG weights shall equal the sum of the EAPG weights times the labor percentage times the hospital's Medicare wage index plus the sum of the EAPG weights times the non-labor percentage. The base rate shall be determined for outpatient hospital services at least every three years so that total expenditures will equal the following:

a. When using base years prior to January 1, 2014, for all services, excluding all laboratory services and emergency services described in subdivision 3 c of this subsection, a percentage of costs defined in subsection A as reported in the available cost reports for the base period for each type of hospital as defined in State Plan Attachment 4.19-A, Methods and Standards for Establishing Payment Rates-Hospital Services, DRG-Payment Methodology.

(1) Type One Hospitals: Effective January 1, 2014, hospital outpatient operating reimbursement shall be calculated at 90.2 percent of cost and capital reimbursement shall be at 86 percent of cost inflated to the rate year.
(2) Type Two Hospitals: Effective January 1, 2014, hospital outpatient operating and capital reimbursement shall be calculated at 76 percent of cost inflated to the rate year.
(3) When using base years after January 1, 2014, the percentages described in subdivision 3 of this subsection shall be adjusted according to subdivision 3 c to 69.8% for Type Two hospitals.
(4) For critical access hospitals, the operating rate shall be increased by using an adjustment factor or percent of cost reimbursement equal to 100% of cost, effective July 1, 2019.

b. Laboratory services (excluding laboratory services referred to the hospital but not associated with a hospital visit) calculated at the fee schedule in effect for the rate year. Laboratory services are reimbursed based on CPT codes listed in the fee schedules that are published on the DMAS website at the following web address: https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/procedure-fee-files-cpt-codes/
c. Services rendered in emergency departments determined to be non-emergencies as prescribed in State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, section 2 D shall be calculated for base years after January 1, 2014 as the cost percentages in subdivision 3(a) of this subsection, adjusted to reflect services paid at the non-emergency reduced rate in the last base year prior to January 1, 2014.

4. Inflation adjustment to base year costs. Each July, the Virginia moving average values as compiled and published by Global Insight (or its successor), under contract with DMAS, shall be used to update the base year costs to the midpoint of the rate year. The most current table available prior to the effective date of the new rates shall be used to inflate base year amounts to the upcoming rate year. Corrections made by Global Insight (or its successor), in the moving averages that were used to update rates for previous state fiscal years shall be automatically incorporated into the moving averages that are being used to update rates for the upcoming state fiscal year. Inflation shall be applied to the costs identified in subdivision 3(a) of this subsection.

a. The inflation adjustment for state fiscal year 2017 shall be 50% of the full inflation adjustment calculated according to this section with the exception of 100% of inflation to the Children's Hospital of King's Daughters. There shall be no inflation adjustment for state fiscal year 2018 with the exception of
100% of inflation to the Children's Hospital of King's Daughters.

5. Hospital-specific base rate. The hospital-specific base rate per case shall be adjusted for geographic variation. The hospital-specific base rate shall be equal to the labor portion of the statewide base rate times the hospital's Medicare wage index plus the nonlabor percentage of the statewide base rate. The labor percentage shall be determined at each rebasing based on the most recent reliable data. For rural hospitals, the hospital's Medicare wage index used to calculate the base rate shall be the Medicare wage index of the nearest metropolitan wage area or the effective Medicare wage index, whichever is higher. A base rate differential of 5 percent shall be established for freestanding Type Two children's hospitals. The base rate for non cost-reporting hospital shall be the average of the hospital-specific base rates of instate Type Two hospitals.
6. The total payment shall represent the total allowable amount for a visit including ancillary services and capital.
7. The transition from cost-based reimbursement to EAPG reimbursement shall be transitioned over a three and half-year period. DMAS shall calculate a cost-based base rate at January 1, 2014, and at each rebasing during the transition.

a. Effective for dates of service on or after January 1, 2014, DMAS shall calculate the hospital-specific base rate as the sum of 75 percent of the cost-based base rate and 25 percent of the EAPG base rate.

b. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2014, DMAS shall calculate the hospital-specific base rate as the sum of 50 percent of the cost-based base rate and 50 percent of the EAPG base rate.
c. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2015, DMAS shall calculate the hospital-specific base rate as the sum of 25 percent of the cost-based base rate and 75 percent of the EAPG base rate.
d. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2016, DMAS shall calculate the hospital-specific base rate as the EAPG base rate.

8. To maintain budget neutrality during the first six years, DMAS shall compare the total reimbursement of hospitals claims based on the parameters in subdivision 3 of this subsection to EAPG reimbursement every six months based on the six months of claims ending three months prior to the potential adjustment. If the percentage difference between the reimbursement target in subdivision 3 of this subsection and EAPG reimbursement is greater than 1 percent, plus or minus, DMAS shall adjust the statewide base rate by the percentage difference the following July I or January 1. The first possible adjustment would be January 1, 2015, using reimbursement between January 1,2014, and October 31, 2014.

C. The Enhanced Ambulatory Patient Group (EAPG) grouper version used for outpatient hospital services shall be determined by DMAS. Providers or provider representatives shall be given notice prior to implementing a new grouper. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, the state-approved EAPG grouper
version is the same for both governmental and private providers of outpatient hospital services. The EAPG grouper version was set as of January 1, 2014 and is effective for services provided on or after that date. The grouper version is published at https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting/outpatient-eapg/.

D. The primary data sources used in the development of the EAPG payment methodology are the DMAS' hospital computerized claims history file and the cost report file. The claims history file captures available claims data from all enrolled, cost-reporting general acute care hospitals. The cost report file captures audited cost and charge data from all enrolled general acute care hospitals. The following table identifies key data elements that are used to develop the EAPG payment methodology. DMAS may supplement this data with similar data for Medicaid services furnished by managed care organizations if DMAS determines that it is reliable.

A. Payment for covered outpatient legend and non-legend drugs dispensed by a retail community pharmacy will include the drug ingredient cost plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. The drug ingredient cost reimbursement shall be the lowest of:

1. The National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC) of the drug;
2. When no NADAC is available, DMAS shall reimburse at Wholesale Acquisition Cost (WAC) + 0%;
3. The Federal Upper Limit (FUL); OR
4. The provider’s usual and customary (U&C) charge to the public as identified by the claim charge.

B. Payment for specialty drugs not dispensed by a retail community pharmacy but dispensed primarily through the mail will include the drug ingredient cost plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. The drug ingredient cost reimbursement shall be the lowest of:

1. The National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC) of the drug;
2. When no NADAC is available, DMAS shall reimburse at Wholesale Acquisition Cost (WAC) + 0%;
3. The Federal Upper Limit (FUL); OR
4. The provider’s usual and customary (U&C) charge to the public, as identified by the claim charge.

C. Payment for drugs not dispensed by a retail community pharmacy (i.e., institutional or long-term care facility pharmacies) will include the drug ingredient cost plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. The drug ingredient cost reimbursement shall be the lowest of:

1. The National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC) of the drug;
2. When no NADAC is available, DMAS shall reimburse at Wholesale Acquisition Cost (WAC) + 0%;
3. The Federal Upper Limit (FUL); OR
4. The provider’s usual and customary (U&C) charge to the public, as identified by the claim charge.

D. Payment for clotting factor from specialty pharmacies, hemophilia treatment centers (HTC) and Centers of Excellence will include the drug ingredient cost plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. The drug ingredient cost reimbursement shall be lowest of:

1. The National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC) of the drug;
2. When no NADAC is available, DMAS shall reimburse at Wholesale Acquisition Cost (WAC) + 0%; OR
3. The provider’s usual and customary (U&C) charge to the public, as identified by the claim charge.

E. 340B covered entities and Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) that fill Medicaid member prescriptions with drugs purchased at the prices authorized under Section 340B of the Public Health Services Act will be reimbursed no more than the actual acquisition cost for the drug plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. 340B covered entities that fill Medicaid member prescriptions with drugs not purchased under the Section 340B of the Public Health Services Act will be reimbursed in accordance to section 7.1 plus the $10.65 professional dispensing fee as described in section 7.8.

F. Facilities purchasing drugs through the Federal Supply scheduled (FSS) or drug pricing program under 39 U.S.C. 1826, 42 U.S.C. 256b, or 42 U.S.C. 1396-8, other than the 340B drug pricing program will be reimbursed no more than the actual acquisition cost for the drug plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee.

G. Facilities purchasing drugs at Nominal Price (outside of 340B or FSS) will be reimbursed no more than the actual acquisition cost for the drug plus a $10.65 professional dispensing fee. Nominal Price as defined in § 447.502 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 42 means a price that is less than 10 percent of the average manufacturer price (AMP) in the same quarter for which the AMP is computed.

H. Payment for pharmacy services will be as described above in sections A-G; however, shall include the allowed cost of the drug plus only one professional dispensing fee, as defined at 42 CFR § 447.502, per month for each specific drug. Exceptions to the monthly dispensing fees shall be allowed for drugs determined by the department to have unique dispensing requirements. The professional dispensing fee for all covered outpatient drugs shall be $10.65. The professional dispensing fee shall be determined by a cost of dispensing survey conducted at least every five years.

I. Physician administered drugs (PADs) submitted under the medical benefit will be reimbursed at 106 percent of the Average Sales Price (ASP). PADs without an ASP on the CMS reference file will be reimbursed at the provider’s acquisition cost. Covered entities using drugs purchased at the prices
authorized under Section 340B of the Public Health Services Act for Medicaid members must bill Medicaid their actual acquisition cost (AAC).

J. Payment to Indian Health Service, tribal and urban Indian pharmacies. DMAS does not have any Indian Health Service, tribal or urban Indian pharmacies at this time. Payment for pharmacy services will be defined in a state plan amendment if such entity enrolls with DMAS.

K. Investigational drugs are not a covered service under the DMAS pharmacy program.

L. Home infusion therapy.

1. The following therapy categories shall have a pharmacy service day rate payment allowable: hydration therapy, chemotherapy, pain management therapy, drug therapy, total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The service day rate payment for the pharmacy component shall apply to the basic components and services intrinsic to the therapy category. Submission of claims for the per diem rate shall be accompanied by use of the CMS 1500 claim form.
2. The cost of the active ingredient or ingredients for chemotherapy, pain management and drug therapies shall be submitted as a separate claim through the pharmacy program, using standard pharmacy format. Payment for this component shall be consistent with the current reimbursement rate for pharmacy services. Multiple applications of the same therapy shall be reimbursed one service day rate for the pharmacy services. Multiple applications of different therapies shall be reimbursed at 100% of standard pharmacy reimbursement for each active ingredient.

M. Supplemental rebate agreement. The Commonwealth complies with the requirements in § 1927 of the Social Security Act and 42 CFR 447.500 et seq. with regard to supplemental drug rebates. In addition, the following requirements are met:

1. The model supplemental rebate agreement between the Commonwealth and pharmaceutical manufacturers for legend drugs provided to Medicaid recipients, entitled Virginia Supplemental Drug Rebate Agreement Contract and Addendum A, have been authorized by CMS on to be effective April 1, 2012. All amendments to the Supplemental Drug Rebate Agreement Contract shall also be authorized by CMS.
2. Supplemental drug rebates received by the state in excess of those required under the national drug rebate agreement will be shared with the federal government on the same percentage basis as applied under the national drug rebate agreement.
3. Prior authorization requirements found in § 1927(d)(5) of the Social Security Act have been met.

4. Non-preferred drugs are those that were reviewed by the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee and not included on the preferred drug list. Non-preferred drugs will be made available to Medicaid beneficiaries through prior authorization.
5. Payment of supplemental rebates may result in a product's inclusion on the PDL.

N. Each drug administered in an outpatient hospital setting and reimbursed based on the Enhanced Ambulatory Patient Group methodology as described in State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, section 2.5 Enhanced Ambulatory Patient Group (12 VAC 30-80-490) shall be reimbursed separately at a rate greater than zero to be eligible for drug rebate claiming.

All reasonable measures will be taken to ascertain the legal liability of third parties to pay for authorized care and services provided to eligible recipients including those measures specified under 42 USC 1396a(a)(25).

The single state agency will take whatever measures are necessary to assure appropriate audit of records whenever reimbursement is based on costs of providing care and services, or on a fee-for service plus cost of materials.

A. Payment for transportation services shall be according to the following table:

TABLE

Payments for Medicare coinsurance and deductibles for noninstitutional services shall not exceed the allowed charges determined by Medicare in accordance with 42 CFR 447.304(b) less the portion paid by Medicare, other third party payors, and recipient copayment requirements of this Plan. See Supplement 2 for this methodology.

Payment for eyeglasses shall be the actual cost of the frames and lenses not to exceed limits set by the single state agency, plus a dispensing fee not to exceed limits set by the single state agency.

Expanded prenatal care services to include patient education, homemaker, and nutritional services shall be reimbursed at the lowest of: State Agency fee schedule, Actual Charge, or Medicare (Title XVIII) allowances.

Foster Care (FC) Case Management. The Medicaid agency will reimburse providers for the covered services for FC case management for each eligible child at the daily rate agreed upon between the local Community Policy and Management Team (CPMT) in the locality which is responsible for the child's care and the FC case management provider. This daily rate shall be based upon the intensity of the case management needed by the child and be subject to an upper limit set by the Medicaid agency. DMAS shall pay the lesser of the rate negotiated by the CPMT or the maximum rate established by the Department.

A. Targeted case management for high-risk pregnant women and infants up to age 2 and for community mental health and intellectual disability services shall be reimbursed at the lowest of: State Agency fee schedule, actual charge, or Medicare (Title XVIII) allowances.

B. Targeted case management for Early Intervention (Part C) Children.

1. Targeted case management for children from birth to age three who have developmental delay who are in need of early intervention is reimbursed at the lower of the state agency fee schedule or actual charge (charge to the general public). The unit of service is monthly. All private and governmental fee-for- service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency’s rates were set as of July 1, 2022, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency’s website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.
2. Case management may not be billed when it is an integral part of another Medicaid service including, but not limited to, intensive community treatment services, and intensive in-home services for children and adolescents.
3. Case management defined for another target group shall not be billed concurrently with this case management service except for case management services for high-risk infants provided under 12 VAC 30-50-410. Providers of early intervention case management shall coordinate services with providers of case management services for high-risk infants, pursuant to 12 VAC 30-50-410, to ensure that services are not duplicated.
4. Each entity receiving payment for services as defined in Section 3.1-A will be required to furnish the following to the Medicaid agency, upon request:

a. data, by practitioner, on the utilization by Medicaid beneficiaries of the services included in the unit rate; and,
b. cost information by practitioner.

C. Future rate updates will be based on information obtained from the providers. DMAS monitors the provision of Targeted Case Management through Post-Payment Review (PPR). PPRs ensure that paid services were rendered appropriately, in accordance with State and Federal policies and program requirements, provided in a timely manner, and paid correctly.

D. Reimbursement for Targeted Case Management for Seriously Mentally Ill Adults and Emotionally Disturbed Children and for Youth At Risk of Serious Emotional Disturbance.

1. Targeted case management services for seriously mentally ill adults and emotionally disturbed children defined in § 2 of Supplement 2 to State Plan Attachment 3.1-A or for youth at risk of serious emotional disturbance defined in § 3 of Supplement 2 to State Plan Attachment 3.1-A, shall be reimbursed at the lower of the State Agency Fee Schedule or the actual charge (charge to the general public). The unit of service is monthly. All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency’s rates were set as of July 1, 2022, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency’s website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.
2. Case management for seriously mentally ill adults and emotionally disturbed children and for youth at risk of serious emotional disturbance may not be billed when it is an integral part of another Medicaid service including, but not limited to, intensive community treatment services, and intensive in-home services for children and adolescents.
3. Case management defined for another target group shall not be billed concurrently with these case management services.
4. Each provider receiving payment for these services will be required to furnish the following to the Medicaid agency, upon request:

a. Data on the hourly utilization of these services furnished Medicaid members; and,
b. Cost information by practitioner furnishing these services.

5. Rate updates will be based on utilization and cost information obtained from the providers.

E. Reimbursement for Targeted Case Management for Individuals with Intellectual Disability.

1. Targeted case management for individuals with intellectual disability defined in § 4 of Supplement 2 to State Plan Attachment 3.1-A, shall be reimbursed at the lower of the State Agency Fee Schedule or the actual charge (charge to the general public). The unit of service is monthly. All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency’s rates were set as of July 1, 2022, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency’s website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.
2. Case management for individuals with intellectual disability may not be billed when it is an integral part of another Medicaid service.
3. Case management defined for another target group shall not be billed concurrently with this case management service
4. Each provider receiving payment for this service will be required to furnish the following to the Medicaid agency, upon request:

a. Data on the hourly utilization of this service furnished Medicaid members; and
b. Cost information by practitioner furnishing this service.

5. Rate updates will be based on utilization and cost information obtained from the providers

F. Reimbursement for Targeted Case Management for Individuals with Developmental Disability

1. Targeted case management for individuals with developmental disability defined in § 5 of Supplement 2 to State Plan Attachment 3.1-A, shall be reimbursed at the lower of the State Agency Fee Schedule or the actual charge (charge to the general public). The unit of service is monthly. All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency’s rates were set as of July 1, 2022, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency’s website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.
2. Case management for individuals with developmental disability may not be billed when it is an integral part of another Medicaid service.
3. Case management defined for another target group shall not be billed concurrently with this case management service.
4. Each entity receiving payment for this service will be required to furnish the following to the Medicaid agency, upon request:

a. Data on the hourly utilization of this service furnished Medicaid members; and,
b. Cost information by practitioner furnishing this service.

5. Rate updates will be based on information obtained from the providers.

G. Reimbursement for Targeted Case Management for Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injuries

Targeted case management for individuals with traumatic brain injuries, as described in State Plan Attachment 3.1 A & B, Supplement 2, page 48, shall be reimbursed through a state-developed fee schedule rate. The same rates shall be paid to governmental and private providers. The agency’s rates were set as of July 1, 2023, and are effective for services on or after that date. All rates are published on the DMAS website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

A. Payment for Early Intervention (EI) services pursuant to Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 2004, as set forth in Supplement 1 to State Plan Attachment 3.1-A&B, page 6.1 of 41, for individuals younger than 21 years of age shall be the lower of the state agency fee schedule or actual charge (charge to the general public). All private and governmental fee-for-service providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. The agency’s rates were set as of January 1, 2024, and are effective for services on or after that date. Rates are published on the agency’s website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

B. There shall be separate fees for:

1. certified Early Intervention professionals who are also licensed as either a physical therapist, occupational therapist, speech pathologist, or registered nurse and certified Early Intervention specialists who are also licensed as either a physical therapy assistant or occupational therapy assistant and
2. all other certified Early Intervention professionals and certified Early Intervention specialists.

C. Provider travel time shall not be included in billable time for reimbursement.

D. Local Education Agency (LEA) providers provide Medicaid-covered school health services for which they are reimbursed on a cost basis pursuant to State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, pages 9a through 9f of 15. LEAs may also be certified as, and enrolled to provide, Early Intervention services. LEAs providing such services shall be reimbursed for EI services on a fee-for-service basis in the same manner as other EI providers. The fee-for-service rate is the same regardless of the setting in which LEAs provide EI services.

A. Effective on and after July 1, 2022, DMAS will use the following methodology to determine the reimbursement for Local Education Agency (LEA) providers delivering the following covered 1905(a) and EPSDT services:

1. Physical therapy, occupational therapy and services for individuals with speech, hearing, and language disorders and EPSDT services provided by licensed practitioners within their scope of practice as defined under state law and regulations and by staff under the supervision of a licensed healthcare professional in accordance with state law.
2. Nursing services provided by licensed nurses within the scope of practice as defined under state law and regulations.
3. Mental health services (including Applied Behavior Analysis) provided by qualified professionals within the scope of practice as defined under state law and regulations, and staff under the supervision of a licensed healthcare professional in accordance with state law, and covered as physicians’ services or medical or other remedial care.
4. Personal care services performed by persons under supervision of a licensed health care professional acting within the scope of practice as defined under state law and regulations.
5. Medical evaluation services provided by licensed physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants within the scope of practice as defined under state law and regulations and covered as physicians’ services or medical or other remedial care.
6. Transportation services when transportation is listed as a needed service within the child’s individualized education program (IEP) plan. The following methodology will determine the direct medical services reimbursement for LEA providers.

B. All costs described within this methodology are for Medicaid services provided by qualified personnel or qualified health care professionals who have been approved under State Plan Attachments 3.1-A and 3.1-B of the Medicaid State Plan.

C. For providing medical services covered under the State Plan other than specialized transportation services, LEAs will be reimbursed using the following procedure:

1. LEAs will submit interim claims through Virginia’s Medicaid Management Information System (VAMMIS) for covered medical services provided to enrolled Medicaid members for which they seek cost reimbursement in their annual Direct Medical Services Cost Report. LEAs will receive an interim payment for claims that are submitted and adjudicated in VAMMIS and shown as "paid". Reimbursement for services billed through interim claims will be determined based on the fee-for-service fee schedule published on the DMAS website at https://dmas.virginia.gov/media/ggudgw1q/final-billing-sheet.pdf. LEAs must submit interim claims through VAMMIS no later than five months after the close of the fiscal year in which the costs of providing the services were incurred. Upon completion of the annual cost reconciliation and cost settlement processes performed by each LEA, the LEA’s final payment amount will be adjusted based on any over- or underpayments made through the interim claiming process.
2. After the conclusion of the applicable fiscal year, each LEA will prepare a Direct Health Care Services Cost Report of the total costs of providing covered medical services to students (regardless of students’ Medicaid enrollment status). Each LEA will also calculate the proportion of its student population that are enrolled in Medicaid (Medicaid Enrollment Percentage). Each LEA’s Direct Medical Services Cost Report and Medicaid Enrollment Percentage, combined with the results of the statewide Random Moment Time Study (RMTS) are used to determine the LEA’s gross Medicaid reimbursable amount, also referred to as the Certified Public Expenditure amount. The following steps provide additional detail.

D. Preparing the Direct Services Cost Report

1. Step 1: Determine Total Adjusted Salary Cost

a. Total salaries and benefits paid to the direct medical providers as well as expenditures for contracted direct medical services providers will be obtained from each LEA’s payroll/benefits system for each quarter of the fiscal year. This data will be reported on the required DMAS Medical Services Cost Report Form (Cost Report Form), broken down by cost pools as described in Virginia’s CMS-Approved "Random Moment Time Study Implementation Plan for Medicaid School-Based Direct Health Care and Administrative Services" (RMTS Implementation Plan) for all qualified direct medical services providers (i.e., all personnel providing direct medical services covered under the state plan). LEA staff are grouped into three cost pools for RMTS.

(1) Pool 1 is for Administrative Only staff and therefore is excluded from Direct Services cost reporting.
(2) Pool 2: Nursing, Psychological and Medical Services. This pool includes staff who meet DMAS provider qualifications to perform Medicaid-covered mental and behavioral health services (such as psychologists, social workers, counselors), behavior analysis services (such as behavior analysts and
behavior technicians), medical services (such as physicians and nurses) and personal care assistance services. This pool also includes personnel who perform Medicaid billing.
(3) Pool 3: Therapy Services. This pool includes staff who meet DMAS provider qualifications to perform Medicaid-covered speech-language pathology and therapy services, occupational therapy services, physical therapy services and audiology services.

b. Each LEA will report on the Cost Report Form all sources of federal funding, and the total computable personnel costs will be reduced by the amount of that federal funding reported. The personnel cost base will not include any costs applied to staff whose compensation is 100 percent reimbursed by a funding source other than state/local funds. Additionally, any staff members whose compensation is included in the cognizant agency’s calculation of the LEA’s Indirect Cost Rate are also excluded from being claimed as direct expenditures in all cost pools. The application of Step 1 will result in a Total Adjusted Salary Cost for each LEA.

2. Step 2: Determine Percentage of Time Spent Delivering Medical Services Using a Time Study

a. The percentage of time spent delivering covered direct medical services to students with an individualized education plan or individualized family services plan (IEP) and to students without an IEP (non-IEP),
and the percentage of time spent performing general and administrative (G&A) activities is calculated using the methodology described in the RMTS Implementation Plan. (The methodology used ensures that a sufficient number of direct medical service personnel will be sampled to ensure time study results that will have a confidence level of at least 95 percent with a precision of plus or minus five percent overall.) Time spent in G&A activities will be reallocated to direct medical services as follows: The percentage of total time that direct services providers spend in G&A activities will be subtracted from the percentage of total time spent in providing direct medical services (IEP and non-IEP figured separately) divided by 1.0. The quarterly RMTS percentages are captured, and calculated statewide by cost pool, then applied to each LEA’s allowable costs for each cost pool (i.e. all LEAs reimbursement is determined using the same, statewide percentages by pool).

b. LEA staff are available for random sampling on all scheduled working days and hours, and only on their scheduled working days and hours, including days and hours when students are not in attendance. This method ensures that the full salary and benefit costs claimed for staff are accurately quantified by the RMTS and recognizes that important work activities in support of direct medical services (such as documentation, evaluation report writing, service delivery planning, etc.) and Medicaid Administrative Activities (such as Medicaid training, health services program planning, and care coordination activities) occur on days and hours when students are not in attendance. As outlined in the RMTS Implementation Plan and the LEA RMTS Coordinator Instruction Manual, each LEA’s RMTS Coordinator is responsible for submitting and maintaining accurate work schedules for RMTS participants. The use of a single "district" calendar indicating school days and hours is not permitted. This ensures the integrity of the time study and accuracy of its use for cost allocation. This also means that during school vacation periods and other schedule variations, staff who are not scheduled to work will not be available for sampling, while staff who are scheduled to work will continue to be sampled.

RMTS Sampling Periods:
Effective on 7/1/2024: The sampling periods are defined as:
• Quarter 1 = July 1 – September 30
• Quarter 2 = October 1 – December 31
• Quarter 3 = January 1 – March 31
• Quarter 4 = April 1 – June 30

Effective until 6/30/2024: The sampling periods are defined as:
• Quarter 1 = July 1 – September 30 *
• Quarter 2 = October 1 – December 31
• Quarter 3 = January 1 – March 31
• Quarter 4 = April 1 – June 30
* No time study conducted during this period.
3. Step 3: Determine Personnel Cost of Delivering Medical Services

a. The percentages of time spent delivering direct medical services (from Step 2), determined quarterly, will be multiplied by the applicable cost pool’s personnel cost base as determined in Step 1 and used to allocate personnel cost to direct medical services provided to all students pursuant to an IEP, and to direct medical services provided that are unrelated to an IEP (referred to as non-IEP). Quarterly personnel costs are summed for the fiscal year and reported on the DMAS Medical Services Cost Report Form.

b. For claims submitted after the effective date of this SPA, and prior to the CMS approval of the RMTS Implementation Plan, cost will be identified in accordance with a methodology that utilizes the quarterly results of the prospectively approved RMTS and applies them to prior period claims. In other words, in anticipation of a retro-active approval, DMAS has adjusted the RMTS beginning 10/01/2022 so that the time LEA staff spend performing reimbursable Non-IEP direct services is isolated and captured, allowing DMAS to calculate the resulting Non-IEP time percentage per cost pool and apply these results to LEA costs effective as of 07/01/2022. For the quarter 07/01/2022-09/30/2022 and the quarter 07/01/2023-09/30/2023, DMAS plans to apply the average percentages from Q2, Q3 and Q4 of FY2023. Then, as indicated in Step 2 above, DMAS will begin conducting RMTS during all 4 quarters of the year to be used to allocate each quarter’s costs as of 07/01/2024.

4. Step 4: Determine Non-Personnel Costs of Delivering Medical Services

a. Non-personnel costs directly related to the delivery of covered IEP and non-IEP direct medical services will be detailed as line items on the DMAS Medical Services Cost Report Form by each LEA. This includes materials and supplies, purchased services, and medical equipment. These costs are allowable if used exclusively for the delivery of health care services for which the LEA is including allowable personnel costs. Total computable non-personnel costs are reduced by any reimbursement that is from federal funding source.

5. Step 5: Determine Indirect Costs of Delivering Medical Services

a. Indirect cost related to the delivery of direct medical services will be determined separately for IEP and non-IEP by multiplying each LEA’s unrestricted indirect rate assigned by the cognizant agency (the Virginia Department of Education or VDOE) by direct salary and benefit costs of delivering direct medical services as determined under Step 3 and non-personnel costs of delivering direct medical services as determined in Step 4. The indirect cost rate is not applied to contractor costs.

(1) Indirect rate X (Direct salary and benefit costs + Non-personnel costs)

b. No costs that are included and reimbursed through the application of the indirect cost rate may be claimed directly by the LEA in any cost category of the Medical Services Cost Report. No additional indirect cost is recognized outside of the indirect cost determined by Step 5.

6. Step 6: Total Cost of Delivering Medical Services

a. Total Medical Services Costs will be determined by adding costs from steps 3, 4 and 5 for each, IEP and non-IEP, as separate calculations.

E. Determining the Medicaid Enrollment Rate for IEP and non-IEP

1. Step 7: Allocate Total Medical Services Cost to Medicaid

a. DMAS will ensure that LEAs only receive reimbursement for costs related to the provision of direct medical services when the services are provided to Medicaid-enrolled students by applying student Medicaid enrollment rates that are calculated separately for each LEA, and also separately for services provided related to an IEP and those that are non-IEP. This is accomplished by matching LEA student enrollment data to DMAS Medicaid enrollment data for the two (IEP and non-IEP) student populations in order to create a count of all Medicaid-enrolled students also enrolled in the LEA. The procedure used for determining the Medicaid Enrollment Rate (MER) is as follows:

(1) Medicaid Enrollment Rate (MER) related to IEP Health Care Services.

(a) Statistics for this section are based on the VDOE certified, unduplicated Special Education Child Count as of December 1 of the applicable fiscal year. LEAs will upload their VDOE certified child count list of students to an online system that LEA staff can securely use to view their results of a system-generated list of students that are both enrolled in special education with their LEA and enrolled in Medicaid. For each "matched" student listed, the LEA must indicate those students to be included in the calculation of MER.
The LEAs report the finalized list of matched students with the parental consent in place. The cost report system calculates the resulting MER to be used in the calculation of the allowable expenditures related to providing IEP medical services to children enrolled with Medicaid.

(b) The calculation of MER for services related to an IEP:

(2) Medicaid Enrollment Percentage related to Non-IEP
(a) Statistics for this section are based on the LEA’s total enrollment as of December 1 of the cost report year.
LEAs upload their December 1 division-wide enrollment roster to a DMAS online system that LEA staff
can securely use to view their results of a system-generated list of students that are both enrolled the LEA
and in Medicaid. For each "matched" student listed, the LEA must indicate in the system whether parental
consent for sharing the student’s records (for interim claims purposes) was in place.

(b) The calculation of MER for services not related to an IEP:

(c) The cost report system calculates the resulting Medicaid enrollment rate to be used in the calculation of the
allowable expenditures related to providing non-IEP medical services to children enrolled with Medicaid.

2. Step 8. Cost Settlement of Medical Services.

a. DMAS shall issue a settlement notice at the conclusion of the reconciliation process that denotes the amount due to or from the LEA. The LEAs receive 95% of the FFP from the settlement for direct medical services. (The State retains 5% of the FFP reimbursement to school divisions for medical and transportation services. The State will settle with each provider, using one of the methods described below for either under- or overpayment associated with school-based services. Settlement will be limited to recovery or payment of only the Federal Financial Participation associated with total computable cost.

(1) If payments made to the LEA through the interim claims process for services delivered during the applicable fiscal year exceed the Certified Public Expenditure amount reported by the LEA, DMAS will recoup the overpayment through offset of future claim payments or through a repayment plan approved by DMAS. All FFP associated with the overpayment will be returned to CMS within one year.

(2) If the certified costs exceed interim payments made during the applicable fiscal year, DMAS will pay the difference to the LEA provider via EFT or paper check.

F. For providing specialized transportation services covered under the State Plan as a direct medical service, LEAs will be reimbursed using the following procedure:

1. School based specialized transportation is defined as a medically necessary service (as outlined in the IEP of an enrolled Medicaid beneficiary) provided in a specially-adapted vehicle that has been physically-adjusted or designed (e.g., wheelchair lifts, ramps, etc.,). Costs associated with specialized transportation will be included in a Specialized Transportation Cost Report, which is submitted on a quarterly basis. The approved quarterly payments based on the methodology below will be considered final. Specialized transportation is not subject to cost settlement.

2. Specialized Transportation may be claimed as a direct service when the following conditions are met:

a. The child has a formal written IEP;

b. Specialized transportation is documented in the IEP as a medically necessary service and;
c. The child receives a medically necessary Medicaid-covered IEP service in school on the day that the specialized transportation cost is claimed; and

d. The service billed only represents the costs associated with the trip on the specially adapted transportation for direct medical services (or administrative claiming) as listed in the IEP (e.g., the 1-way trip).

3. Step 1: Develop Specialized Transportation Non-Personnel Cost: Non-personnel costs directly related to the delivery of specialized transportation services will be detailed as line items on the Quarterly Specialized Transportation Cost Report by each LEA. This includes costs of fuel, repairs and maintenance, rentals and contract vehicle use. These costs are allowable if used exclusively for the delivery of specialized transportation services and the LEA must maintain supporting documentation to that effect. Non-personnel costs are reduced by any reimbursement that is not from state or local funding sources. All cost is reported on an accrual basis. All non-personnel costs except contract vehicle costs are eligible for the additional application of the LEA’s indirect cost rate. Contractor costs for transportation (same as contractor costs for other medical services) are not eligible to have the LEA indirect
cost rate applied.
4. Step 2: Develop Specialized Transportation Personnel Cost: Quarterly salaries and benefits paid for employees directly involved in the delivery of specialized transportation services are obtained from each LEA’s payroll/benefits systems and reported on the Quarterly Specialized Transportation Cost Report Form. These costs are allowable if used exclusively for the delivery of specialized transportation services and the LEA must maintain supporting documentation to that effect. Personnel costs are reduced by any reimbursement that is not from state or local funding sources. All cost is
reported on an accrual basis.
5. Step 3: Develop Specialized Transportation Contract Cost: Quarterly contract cost (vendor payments) for specialized transportation services are obtained from each LEA’s financial system and reported on the Quarterly Specialized Transportation Cost Report Form. These costs are allowable if used exclusively for the delivery of specialized transportation services and the LEA must maintain supporting documentation to that effect. Contract costs are reduced by any reimbursement that is not from state or local funding sources. All cost is reported on an accrual basis.
6. Step 4: Capital Cost: Quarterly depreciation costs for capital assets used in the provision of specialized transportation will be included when the value of the item is over $5,000 and the estimated useful life is at least 2 years. Straight line, monthly depreciation are applied. These costs are allowable if used exclusively for the delivery of specialized transportation services and the LEA must maintain supporting documentation to that effect. Costs are reduced by any reimbursement that is not from state or local funding sources. All cost is reported on an accrual basis.

7. Step 5: Determine Indirect Cost: Indirect cost is determined by multiplying each LEA’s unrestricted indirect rate assigned by the cognizant agency (VDOE) by total Non-Personnel and Personnel specialized transportation cost, as determined under Steps 1, 2 and 4. The indirect cost rate is not applied to contract costs or contract vehicle use.
8. Step 6: Total specialized transportation services cost is determined by adding costs from steps 1, 2, 3, 4.
9. Step 7: Allocate Total Specialized Transportation Cost to Direct Medical Services Provided to Medicaid enrolled students.

a. Determine the percentage of LEA’s specialized transportation population with medically necessary specialized transportation directed by an IEP. This will be determined for the quarter based on the number of students receiving medically necessary transportation directed by an IEP to the total number of ALL students transported in a specialized transportation vehicle.
b. Allocate costs to students receiving medically necessary transportation directed by an IEP. This will be determined for the quarter by multiplying total specialized transportations costs from step 6 by the percentage of specialized transportation population with medically necessary specialized
transportation directed by an IEP from step 7(a).
c. Determine the Medicaid Enrollment Rate (MER) for Specialized Transportation. This will be determined for the quarter based on the ratio of the number of students receiving medically necessary specialized transportation directed by an IEP who are enrolled in Medicaid to the total number of
students receiving specialized transportation directed by an IEP (regardless of Medicaid status).
d. Determine percentage of one-way trips provided on a day when the student received Medicaid-covered IEP services. This will be determined for the quarter based on the number of one-way trips that were provided to a Medicaid enrolled specialized transportation IEP student from step 7(c) on a day when the student received a Medicaid covered IEP service to the total number of one-way trips provided to these same students in the quarter.
e. Allocate costs to one-way trips provided on a day when Medicaid-covered IEP services were provided. This will be calculated by multiplying the cost of providing medically necessary transportation directed by an IEP from step 7(b) by the percentage of one-way trips provided on a day when the
student received Medicaid-covered IEP services from step 7(d).
f. Allocate Specialized Transportation Cost to Medicaid. This will be determined for the quarter by multiplying the stepped-down allowable cost of specialized transportation provided on a day when Medicaid-covered IEP services were provided from step 7(e) by the MER for Specialized Transportation from step 7(c).

10. Step 8. Reimbursement for Specialized Transportation Services: DMAS shall reimburse LEA’s quarterly transportation costs based on the Quarterly Specialized Transportation Cost Report. The LEAs receive 95% of the FFP from the reimbursement for specialized transportation services. (The State retains 5% of the FFP reimbursement to school divisions for medical and transportation services.)

11. Supporting Documentation

DMAS requires LEAs to maintain adequate supporting documentation for all reimbursable services, program costs, and eligibility data. These documents are required to be available upon request for audit.

12. State Monitoring
DMAS utilizes multiple levels of review to monitor the school-based services program. The agency’s contractor performs oversight activities throughout the year to monitor compliance with Federal and State requirements. DMAS conducts site review audits of LEA’s on a cyclical basis. The objective of these audits is to review procedures and supporting documents to ensure compliance with Federal and State requirements. In addition, LEA provider claims are subject to audit by DMAS’ Program Integrity Division.
13. Awareness of Federal Audit and Documentation Regulations: The Virginia State Medicaid agency and any contractors used to help administer any part of the school services program are aware of federal regulations listed below for audits and documentation:

a. 42 CFR § 431.107 Required provider agreement
b. 42 CFR § 447.202 Audits

c. 45 CFR § 75.302 Financial management and standards for financial management systems

Early discharge Follow-up Visit for Mothers and Newborns. The early discharge follow-up visit for mothers and newborns covered under the provisions of Supplement 1 to 3.1A&B, Item 13c (12 VAC 30-50-220. 13c. A) shall be reimbursed at the lower of the State Agency Fee Schedule or actual charges. Providers qualified for reimbursement of this service are those hospitals, physicians, nurse midwives, nurse practitioners, federally qualified health clinics, rural health clinics, and health departments clinics that are enrolled as Medicaid providers and are qualified by the appropriate state authority for delivery of the service. The service must be delivered either by the appropriate professional who is an employee of the participating provider or is under contract with the participating billing providers listed above. The staff providing the follow-up visit, at a minimum, must be a registered nurse having training and experience in maternal and child health.

A. Effective January 1, 2008, payment for hearing aids for individuals younger than 21 years of age shall be the actual cost of the device not to exceed limits set by the single state agency, plus a fixed dispensing and fitting fee not to exceed limits set by the single state agency.

B. All private and governmental providers are reimbursed according to the same methodology. Limitations set by the state agency are effective January 1, 2008, and for services provided on and after that date. The limitations are published at the following address (state agency website): https://www.dmas.virginia.gov/for-providers/rates-and-rate-setting.

A. Outpatient hospitals that are not enrolled as providers with the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) which submit claims shall be paid using the DMAS average reimbursable outpatient cost-to-charge ratio, updated annually, for enrolled outpatient hospitals, less five percent. The five percent is for the cost of the additional manual processing of the claims. Outpatient hospitals that are not enrolled shall submit claims on DMAS invoices.

B. Non-enrolled providers of non-institutional services shall be paid on the same basis as enrolled in-state providers of non-institutional services. Non-enrolled providers of physician, dental, podiatry, optometry, and clinical psychology services, etc., shall be reimbursed the lesser of the charges submitted, of the DMAS rates for the services.

C. All non-enrolled non-institutional providers shall be reviewed every two years for the number of Medicaid recipients they have served. Those providers who have had no claims submitted in the past twelve months shall be declared inactive.

D. Nothing in this regulation is intended to preclude DMAS from reimbursing for special services, such as rehabilitation, ventilator, and transplantation, on an exception basis and reimbursing for these services on an individually, negotiated rate basis.

A. Providers reimbursed on the basis of a fee plus cost of materials.

1. When DMAS determines an overpayment has been made to a provider, DMAS shall promptly send the first demand letter requesting a lump sum refund. Recovery shall be undertaken even though the provider disputed in whole or in part DMAS's determination of the overpayment.
2. If the provider cannot refund the total amount of the overpayment within 30 days after receiving the DMAS demand letter, the provider shall promptly request an extended repayment schedule.
3. DMAS may establish a repayment schedule of up to 12 months to recover all or part of an overpayment or, it a provider demonstrates that repayment within a 12-month period would create severe financial hardship, the Director of the Department of Medical Assistance Services [the "director"] may approve a repayment schedule of up to 36 months.
4. A provider shall have no more than one extended repayment schedule in place at one time. If an audit later uncovers an additional overpayment, the full amount shall be repaid within 30 days unless the provider submits further documentation supporting a modification to the existing extended repayment schedule to include the additional amount.
5. If during the time an extended repayment schedule is in effect, the provider withdraws from the Program, the outstanding balance shall become immediately due and payable.
6. When a repayment schedule is used to recover only part of an overpayment, the remaining amount shall be recovered by the reduction of interim payments to the provider or by lump sum payments.
7. In the request for an extended repayment schedule, the provider shall document the need for an extended (beyond 30 days) repayment and submit a written proposal scheduling the dates and amounts of repayments. If DMAS approves the schedule, DMAS shall send the provider written notification of the approved repayment schedule, which shall be effective retroactive to the date the provider submitted the proposal.
8. Once an initial determination of overpayment has been made, DMAS shall undertake full recovery of such overpayment whether or not the provider disputes, in whole or in part, the initial determination of overpayment. If an appeal follows, interest shall be waived during the period of administrative appeal of an initial determination of overpayment.
9. Interest charges on the unpaid balance of any overpayment shall accrue pursuant to §32.1-313 of the Code of Virginia from the date the director's determination becomes final.
10. The director's determination shall be deemed to be final on (i) the issue date of any notice of overpayment, issued by DMAS, if the provider does not file an appeal, or (ii) the issue date of any administrative decision issued by DMAS after an informal fact finding conference, if the provider does not file an appeal, or (iii) the issue date of any administrative decision signed by the director, regardless of whether a judicial appeal follows. In any event, interest shall be waived if the overpayment is completely liquidated within 30 days of the date of the final determination. In cases in which a determination of overpayment has been judicially reversed, the provider shall be reimbursed that portion of the payment to which it is entitled, plus any applicable interest which the provider paid to DMAS.

B. Providers reimbursed on the basis of reasonable costs.

1. When the provider files a cost report indicating that an overpayment has occurred, full refund shall be remitted with the cost report. In cases where DMAS discovers an overpayment during desk review, field audit, or final settlement, DMAS shall promptly send the first demand letter requesting a lump sum refund. Recovery shall be undertaken even though the provider disputed in whole or in part DMAS's determination of the overpayment.
2. If the provider has been overpaid for a particular fiscal year and has been underpaid for another fiscal year, the underpayment shall be offset against the overpayment. So long as the provider has an overpayment balance, an underpayment discovered by subsequent review or audit shall also be used to reduce the remaining amount of the overpayment.
3. If the provider cannot refund the total amount of the overpayment (i) at the time it files a cost report indicating that an overpayment has occurred, the provider shall request an extended repayment schedule at the time of filing, or (ii) within 30 days after receiving the DMAS demand letter, the provider shall promptly request an extended repayment schedule.

4. DMAS may establish a repayment schedule of up to 12 months to recover all or part of an overpayment or, it a provider demonstrates that repayment within a 12-month period would create severe financial hardship, the Director of the Department of Medical Assistance Services [the "director"] may approve a repayment schedule of up to 36 months.
5. A provider shall have no more than one extended repayment schedule in place at one time. If an audit later uncovers an additional overpayment, the full amount shall be repaid within 30 days unless the provider submits further documentation supporting a modification to the existing extended repayment schedule to include the additional amount.
6. If during the time an extended repayment schedule is in effect, the provider withdraws from the Program or fails to file a cost report in a timely manner, the outstanding balance shall become immediately due and payable.
7. When a repayment schedule is used to recover only part of an overpayment, the remaining amount shall be recovered by the reduction of interim payments to the provider or by lump sum payments.

8. In the request for an extended repayment schedule, the provider shall document the need for an extended (beyond 30 days) repayment and submit a written proposal scheduling the dates and amounts of repayments. If DMAS approves the schedule, DMAS shall send the provider written notification of the approved repayment schedule, which shall be effective retroactive to the date the provider submitted the proposal.
9. Once an initial determination of overpayment has been made, DMAS shall undertake full recovery of such overpayment whether or not the provider disputes, in whole or in part, the initial determination of overpayment. If an appeal follows, interest shall be waived during the period of administrative appeal of an initial determination of overpayment.
10. Interest charges on the unpaid balance of any overpayment shall accrue pursuant to §32.1-313 of the Code of Virginia from the date the director's determination becomes final.
11. The director's determination shall be deemed to be final on (i) the due date of any cost report filed by the provider indicating that an overpayment has occurred, or (ii) the issue date of any notice of overpayment, issued by DMAS, if the provider does not file an appeal, or (iii) the issue date of any administrative decision issued by DMAS after an informal fact finding conference, if the provider does not file an appeal, or (iv) the issue date of any administrative decision signed by the director, regardless of whether a judicial appeal follows. In any event, interest shall be waived if the overpayment is completely liquidated within 30 days of the date of the final determination. In cases in which a determination of overpayment has been judicially reversed, the provider shall be reimbursed that portion of the payment to which it is entitled, plus any applicable interest which the provider paid to DMAS.

A. Definitions.

"DMAS" means the Department of Medical Assistance Services.

"Division Director" means the Director of a division of DMAS.

"State-operated provider" means a provider of Medicaid services which is enrolled in the Medicaid program and operated by the Commonwealth of Virginia.

B. Right to request reconsideration. A state-operated provider shall have the right to request a reconsideration for any issue which would be otherwise administratively appealable under the State Plan by a non-state operated provider. This shall be the sole procedure available to state-operated providers. The appropriate DMAS Division must receive the reconsideration request within 30 calendar days after the provider receives its Notice of Amount of Program Reimbursement, notice of proposed action, findings letter, or other DMAS notice giving rise to a dispute.

C. Informal review. The state-operated provider shall submit to the appropriate DMAS Division written information specifying the nature of the dispute and the relief sought. If a reimbursement adjustment is sought, the written information must include the nature of the adjustment sought; the amount of the adjustment sought; and the reasons for seeking the adjustment. The Division Director or his designee shall review this information, requesting additional information as necessary. If either party so requests, they may meet to discuss a resolution. Any designee shall then recommend to the Division Director whether relief is appropriate in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

D. Division Director’s action. The Division Director shall consider any recommendation of his designee and shall render a decision.

E. DMAS Director review. A state-operated provider may, within 30 days after receiving the informal review decision of the Division Director, request that the DMAS Director or his designee review the decision of the Division Director. The DMAS Director shall have the authority to take whatever measures he deems appropriate to resolve the dispute.

F. Secretarial review. If the preceding steps do not resolve the dispute to the satisfaction of the state-operated provider, within 30 days after the receipt of the decision of the DMAS Director, the provider may request the DMAS Director to refer the matter to the Secretary of Health and Human Resources and any other Cabinet Secretary as appropriate. Any determination by such Secretary or Secretaries shall be final.

Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) pursuant to section 1905(a)(29) of the Social Security Act

1. The state will cover all formulations of MAT drugs and biologicals for OUD that are approved under section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355) and all biological products licensed under section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262).

2. The reimbursement for unbundled MAT prescribed drugs and biologicals used to treat opioid use disorder (OUD) will be reimbursed using the same methodology as described for covered outpatient legend and non-legend drugs located in State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, pages 7.3, 7.4, and 7.5 for prescribed drugs that are dispensed or administered.

3. The reimbursement for individual, family and group therapy is referenced in State Plan Attachment 4.19-B Page 6.01, Reimbursement for outpatient substance use disorder services: Other Providers, including Licensed Mental Health Professionals (LMHP) (42 CFR 447, Subpart F)

4. The induction of medication for OUD is reimbursed per encounter; and is limited to 3 encounters per 12 months; rate set as of April 1, 2017.

A. Except for a nominal recipient copayment (as specified in State Plan Attachment 4.18 of the State plan), if applicable, the Medicaid agency uses the following general method for payment:

1. Payments are limited to State Plan rates and payment methodologies for the groups and payments listed below and designated with the letters "SP".

a. For specific Medicare services which are not otherwise covered by the State plan, the Medicaid agency uses Medicare payment rates unless a special rate or method is set out.

b. Not applicable. There are no special rates or methods used for specific Medicare services which are not otherwise covered by the State Plan.

2. Payments are up to the full amount of the Medicare rate for the groups and payments listed below, and designated with the letters "MR".
3. Payments are up to the amount of a special rate, or according to a special method, for the groups and payments listed below and designated with the letters "NR".
4. Any exceptions to the general methods used for a particular group or payment are specified.

B. Payment of Medicare Part A and Part B Deductible/Coinsurance

TABLE

A. Effective for dates of services on and after July 1, 1991, the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) shall reimburse home health agencies (HHAs) at a flat rate per visit for each type of service rendered by HHAs (i.e., nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology services, and home health aide services.) In addition, supplies left in the home and extraordinary transportation costs will be paid at specific rates.

B. Effective for dates of services on and after July 1, 1993, DMAS shall establish a flat rate for each level of service for HHAs by peer group. There shall be three peer groups: (i) the Department of Health's HHAs, (ii) non-Department of Health HHAs whose operating office is located in the Virginia portion of the Washington DC-MD-VA metropolitan statistical area, and (iii) non-Department of Health HHAs whose operating office is located in the rest of Virginia. The use of the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) designation of urban metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) shall be incorporated in determining the appropriate peer group for these classifications.

1. The Department of Health's agencies are being placed in a separate peer group due to their unique cost characteristics (only one consolidated cost report is filed for all Department of Health agencies).

C. Rates shall be calculated as follows:

1. Each home health agency shall be placed in its appropriate peer group.
2. Department of Health HHAs' Medicaid cost per visit (exclusive of medical supplies costs) shall be obtained from its 1989 cost-settled Medicaid cost report. Non-Department of Health HHAs' Medicaid cost per visit (exclusive of medical supplies costs) shall be obtained from the 1989 cost-settled Medicaid Cost Reports filed by freestanding HHAs. Costs shall be inflated to a common point in time (June 30, 1991) by using the percent of change in the moving average factor of the Data Resources Inc., (DRI), National Forecast Tables for the Home Health Agency Market Basket.
3. To determine the flat rate per visit effective July 1, 1993, the following methodology shall be utilized:

a. The peer group HHA's per visit rates shall be ranked and weighted by the number of Medicaid visits per discipline to determine a median rate per visit for each peer group at July 1, 1991.

b. The HHA's peer group median rate per visit for each peer group at July 1, 1991, shall the interim peer group rate for calculating the update through January l, 1992. The interim peer group rate shall be updated by 100 percent of historical inflation from July 1, 1991, through December 31, 1992, and shall become the final interim peer group rate which shall be updated by 50 percent of the forecasted inflation to the end of December 31, 1993, to establish the final peer group rates. The lower of the final peer group rates or the Medicare upper limit at January 1, 1993, will be effective for payments from July l, 1993, through December 1993.
c. Separate rates shall be provided for the initial assessment, follow-up, and comprehensive visits for skilled nursing and for the initial assessment and follow-up visits for physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, The comprehensive rate shall be 200 percent of the follow-up rate, and the initial assessment rates shall be $15.00 higher than the follow-up rates, The lower of the peer group median or Medicare upper limits shall be adjusted as appropriate to assure budget neutrality when the higher rates for the comprehensive and initial assessment visits are calculated.

4. The fee schedule shall be adjusted annually on or about July 1, 2010, based on the percent of change in the moving average of Data Resources, Inc., National Forecast Tables for the Home Health Agency Market Basket published by Global Insight (or its successor) for the second quarter of the calendar year in which the fiscal year begins. The report shall.be the latest published report prior to the fiscal year. The method to calculate the annual update shall be:

a. All subsequent year peer group rates shall be calculated utilizing the previous final interim peer group rate established on July 1.
b. The annual July I update shall be compared to the Medicare upper limit per visit in effect on each January 1, and the HHA's shall receive the lower of the annual update or the Medicare upper limit per visit as the final peer group rate.

5. Effective July 1, 2009, the previous inflation increase effective January 1, 2009, shall be reduce by 50 percent.

6. Effective July 1, 2010, through June 30, 2016, there shall be no inflation adjustment for home health agencies. Effective July 1,2017 through June 30, 2018, the annual fee schedule adjustment for inflation shall be reduced by 50%.

A. Reimbursement of fee-for-service providers. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 1995, the Department of Medical Assistance Services (DMAS) shall reimburse fee-for- service providers, with the exception of Home Health services (see Supplement 3), and durable medical equipment services (see 12VAC30-80-440), using a fee schedule that is based on a Resource Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS). The RBRVS fees shall be the same for both public and private providers. One goal of this methodology is to prevent the total cost of reimbursement for physicians to increase or decrease solely as a result of changes in the Medicare conversion factor.

B. Fee schedule.

1. For those services or procedures which are included in the RBRVS published by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as amended from time to time, DMAS’ fee schedule shall employ the Relative Value Units (RVUs) developed by CMS as periodically updated.

a. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2008, DMAS shall implement site of service differentials and employ both non-facility and facility RVUs. The implementation shall be budget-neutral using the methodology in subsection 3 below.
b. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2011, DMAS shall use the unadjusted Medicare facility RVU.

2. DMAS shall calculate the RBRVS-based fees using conversion factors (CFs) published from time to time by CMS. CMS publishes separate CFs for Anesthesia services versus all other procedures and services. DMAS shall adjust CMS’s CFs by additional factors for each sub-category as defined in Section 3(d) and calculated according to section 3(c) so that no change in expenditure will result solely from the implementation of the RBRVS-based fee schedule. DMAS may revise the additional factors when CMS updates its RVUs or CFs so that no change in expenditure will result solely from such updates. Except for this adjustment, DMAS’ CFs shall be the same as those published from time to time by CMS. The calculation of the additional factors shall be based on the assumption that no change in services provided will occur as a result of these changes to the fee schedule.
3. For non-anesthesia services, the determination of the additional adjustment factors for each applicable procedure and service sub-category required above shall be calculated with patient claims data from the most recent period of time (at least six months) as the ratio of the estimated total expenditures for the sub-category using DMAS fees divided by the estimated total expenditures for the sub-category using Medicare fees:

a. The estimated amount of DMAS expenditures using Medicare’s fees is calculated using Medicare RVUs and CFs without modification. For each procedure code and modifier combination that has RVU values published by CMS, the RVU value is multiplied by the applicable Medicare CF published by the CMS to get the estimated price that Medicare would pay for the service or procedure. The estimated Medicare fee for each procedure code and modifier combination is then multiplied by the number of occurrences of the combination in the DMAS patient claims. All expenditures by procedure code/modifier combination are summed to get the total estimated amount DMAS expenditures would be using Medicare fees.
b. The estimated amount of DMAS expenditures, if DMAS used its existing fees, across all relevant procedure codes and modifier combinations with RVU values is calculated as the sum of the existing DMAS fee multiplied by the number of occurrences of the procedure code/modifier combination in DMAS patient claims.
c. The relevant adjustment factor for the sub-category is equal to the ratio of the expenditure estimate (based on DMAS fees in subdivision 3b of this subsection) to the expenditure estimate based on unmodified CMS values in subdivision 3a of this subsection.
d. DMAS shall calculate separate additional adjustment factors for each sub-category. Sub-categories are defined according to categorizations provided in the American Medical Association’s (AMA’s) annual publication of the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) as:
(1) Emergency Room Services defined as CPT codes 99281, 99282, 99283, 99284, and 99285;
(2) Obstetrical/Gynecological Services (OBGYN) defined as Maternity Care and Delivery procedures, Female Genital System procedures, Obstetrical/Gynecological-related radiological procedures, and mammography procedures;

(3) Pediatric preventive services defined as Evaluation and Management (E&M) procedures, excluding those listed in 3(d)(1) and 3(d)(6) of this subsection, in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients under age 21;
(4) Pediatric primary services defined as E&M procedures, excluding those listed in subdivisions 3(d)(1), 3(d)(3), and 3(d)(6) of this subsection, in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients under age 21;
(5) Adult primary and preventive services defined as E&M procedures, excluding those listed in 3(d)(1) and 3(d)(6) of this subsection, in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients age 21 and over;
(6) Effective July 1, 2019, psychiatric services in effect at the time the service is provided; and
(7) All other procedures defined as any remaining procedures set through the RBRVS process.

4. For those services or procedures for which there are no established RVUs DMAS shall approximate a reasonable relative value payment level by looking to similar existing relative value fees. If DMAS is unable to establish a relative value payment level for any service or procedure, the fee shall not be based on a RBRVS but shall instead be based on the percent of billed charges. The billed charges shall be multiplied by the Budget Neutral factor calculated in State Plan Attachment 4.19-B, Supplement 4, page 2, paragraph 2. Billed charges shall not exceed the provider’s usual and customary charges.
5. Fees shall not vary by geographic locality.

6. Effective July 1, 2021, rates for psychiatric services shall be increased by 14.7 percent to the equivalent of 110 percent of Medicare rates.
7. Effective July 1, 2021, the practitioner rates for anesthesiologists shall be increased to reflect the equivalent of 70 percent of the 2019 Medicare rates.
8. Effective July 1, 2022, rates for OBGYN services shall be increased by 15%.
9. Effective July 1, 2022, rates for adult primary and preventive services defined as E&M procedures, excluding those listed in 3(d)(1) and 3(d)(6) of this subsection, in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients age 21 and over shall be increased by 16.1% to reflect the equivalent of 80% of the 2021 Medicare rates.
10. Effective July 1, 2022, rates for pediatric primary services defined as E&M procedures excluding those listed in 2(d)(1), 2(d)(3), and 2(d)(6) of this subsection, in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients under age 21 shall be increased by 7.9% to reflect the equivalent of 80% of the 2021 Medicare rates.
11. Effective July 1, 2022, rates for children’s covered vision care services defined as ophthalmology procedures in effect at the time the service is provided, for recipients under age 21, shall be increased by 30%.

12. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers of practitioner services. All rates are published in the DMAS website, and may be found at: http://www.dmas.virginia.gov/. The fee schedule for rates based on the methodology described in this supplement tied to Medicare's annual update of RBRVS is updated each July 1, based on the methodology described in this supplement.

A. Rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities.

1. Effective for dates of service on and after July 1, 2009, rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities, excluding those operated by community services boards or state agencies, shall be reimbursed a prospective rate equal to the lesser of the agency's fee schedule amount or billed charges per procedure. The agency shall develop a statewide fee schedule based on CPT codes to reimburse providers what the agency estimates they would have been paid in FY 2010 minus $371,800. State agencies and community service boards will be reimbursed cost for physical therapy, occupational therapy and speech-language therapy services.
2. Effective for dates of service beginning October 1, 2009, through June 30, 2024, rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities excluding those operated by state agencies, shall be reimbursed a prospective rate equal to the lesser of the agency’s fee schedule amount or billed charges per procedure. The agency shall develop a statewide fee schedule based on CPT codes to reimburse providers what the agency estimates they would have paid in FY 2010 minus $371,800. State agencies will be reimbursed cost for physical therapy, occupational therapy and speech-language therapy services.
3. Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2024, rehabilitation agencies or comprehensive outpatient rehabilitation facilities excluding those operated by state agencies, shall be reimbursed a prospective rate equal to the lesser of the agency’s fee schedule amount or billed charges per procedure. The agency shall develop a statewide fee schedule based on CPT codes to reimburse providers using the Resource Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS). Any changes to the reimbursement methodology shall be budget neutral. To ensure and maintain budget neutrality, a budget neutrality factor shall be applied to any rate calculations. State agencies will be reimbursed cost for physical therapy, occupational therapy and speech-language therapy services.

B. Transition reimbursement for rehabilitation agencies subject to the new fee schedule methodology.

1. Payments for the fiscal year ending or in progress on June 30, 2009, shall be settled for private rehabilitation agencies based on the previous prospective rate methodology and the ceilings in effect for that fiscal year as of June 30, 2009.
2. Payment for fiscal year ending or in progress on September 30, 2009, shall be settled for community services boards based on the previous prospective rate methodology and the ceilings in effect for that fiscal year as of September 30, 2009.

C. Beginning with state fiscal years beginning on or after July 1,2010, rates shall be adjusted annually for inflation using the Virginia-specific nursing home input price index contracted for by the agency. The agency shall use the percent moving average for the quarter ending at the midpoint of the rate year from the most recently available index prior to the beginning of the rate year.

D. Reimbursement for physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language therapy services shall not be provided for any sums that the rehabilitation provider collects, or is entitled to collect, from the nursing facility or any other available source, and provided further, that this amendment shall in no way diminish any obligation of the NF to DMAS to provide its residents such services as set forth in any applicable provider agreement,

E. Effective July 1, 2010 through June 30, 2016, there will be no inflation adjustment for outpatient rehabilitation facilities. Effective July, 2017 through June 30, 2018, outpatient rehabilitation facilities will receive a rate adjustment equal to 50% of inflation as calculated in Section C.

F. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private individual practitioners. Fee schedule and any annual/periodic adjustments to the fee schedule as described in the State Plan are published on the agency's website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

A. Physician supplemental payment amounts shall be calculated using the Medicare equivalent of the average commercial rate (ACR) methodology prescribed by CMS. The following methodology describes the calculation of the supplemental payment. To compute the ACR by commercial payers, calculate the average amount reimbursed for each procedure code (e.g., CPT or HCPCS) by the top five commercial payers for a specified base period. Data from Medicare, Workers' Compensation and other non-commercial payers and codes not reimbursed by Medicaid are excluded.

1. (Payer 1 + Payer 2 + Payer 3 + Payer 4 + Payer5) / (5) = Average Commercial Reimbursement

B. To compute the reimbursement ceiling, multiply the average reimbursement rate as determined by the number of claims recorded in MMIS for each procedure code that was rendered to Medicaid members by eligible physicians during the base period. Add the product for all procedure codes. This total represents the total reimbursement ceiling.

1. (Average Commercial Reimbursement) X (Medicaid Count) = Total Reimbursement Ceiling

C. To determine the Medicare equivalent to the reimbursement ceiling, for each of the billing codes used to determine the reimbursement ceiling, multiply the Medicare rate by the number of claims recorded in MMIS for each procedure code that was rendered to Medicaid members during the base period. Add the product for all procedure codes. This sum represents the total Medicare reimbursement that would have been received. Divide the reimbursement ceiling (commercial payment) by Medicare reimbursement. This ratio expresses the ACR as a percentage of Medicare.

1. (Medicare Rate) X (Medicaid Count) = Total Medicare Reimbursement

2. (Total Reimbursement Ceiling) / (Total Medicare Reimbursement) = Medicare equivalent of the ACR

D. This single ratio is applied to the Medicare rates for reimbursable Medicaid practitioner services to determine the total allowable Medicaid payment, including both the regular base payment and supplemental payment.

1. (Medicare equivalent of the average commercial rate) X (Medicare rate per CPT Code for all applicable CPT Codes) = Total Allowable Medicaid Payment

2. Total Allowable Medicaid Payment – Medicaid Base Payment = Maximum Supplemental Payment

E. The Medicare equivalent of the ACR demonstration shall be updated every three years. Only the professional component of radiology services and clinical laboratory services is included in the ACR calculation. Claims with a technical component were excluded from the demonstration.

F. Payments related to the vaccine administration are excluded.

G. Reimbursement for anesthesia uses the same units of service (15-minute increments) for anesthesia claims as commercial payers and Medicare. Anesthesia claims are paid using a conversion factor which is multiplied by the sum of base units (for each procedure code) and the time units reported on the claim. The average commercial rates for the anesthesia codes were determined using the formula:

1. (Medicare anesthesia base units (CPT code) + Medicaid average units per claim (CPT code)) * Average commercial per unit rate (CPT code)

2. The commercial rates were then averaged for all payers to determine the average commercial rate for these specific codes.

3. The Medicare anesthesia rates were determined using the formula:

4. (Medicare anesthesia base units (CPT code) + Medicaid average units per claim (CPT code)) * Medicare anesthesia conversion factor

H. No claims for CRNAs or other non-physicians administering anesthesia are included in the demonstration. Only physician claims are used in the demonstration. Both Virginia Medicaid and Medicare use 15-minute increments of time as units for anesthesia claims. The Virginia Medicaid method for payment of anesthesia services directly crosswalks to the Medicare payment methodology. Virginia Medicaid multiplies a conversion factor by the sum of the base units and time units reported on the claim to determine the anesthesia reimbursement for a procedure.

A. Physician Services (42 CFR §447.405) Amount of Minimum Payment

1. The state reimburses for services provided by physicians meeting the requirements of 42 CFR 447.400(a) at the Medicare Part B fee schedule rate using the Medicare physician fee schedule rate in effect in calendar years 2013 and 2014 or, if greater, the payment rates that would be applicable in those years using the calendar year 2009 Medicare physician fee schedule conversion factor. If there is no applicable rate established by Medicare, the state uses the rate specified in a fee schedule established and announced by CMS.

2. The rates do not reflect site of service adjustments but reimburse at the Medicare rate applicable to the office setting.

3.The rates reflect all Medicare geographic/locality adjustments.

4. The rates reflect the March 2013 Deloitte fee schedule. The State will not adjust the fee schedule to account for any changes in Medicare rates throughout the year.

B. Method of Payment

1. The state reimburses a supplemental amount equal to the difference between Medicaid rate in effect on the date of service as published in the agency's fee schedule, described in Supplement 4 of Attachment 4.19-B of the State Plan plus additional rates established for 99485 and 99486, and the minimum payment required at 42 CFR 447.405.
2. Supplemental payment is made quarterly.

C. Primary Care Services Affected by This Payment Methodology

1. The state did not make payment as of July 1, 2009, for the following codes and will not make payment for those codes under this SPA (specify codes).

90461, 90471, 90472, 90473, 90474, 99224, 99225, 99226, 99241, 99242, 99243, 99244, 99245, 99251, 99252, 99253, 99254,99255, 99339, 99340, 99358, 99359, 99386, 99387, 99396, 99397, 99401, 99402, 99403, 99404, 99411, 99412, 99429, 99441, 99442, 99443, 99444, 99450, 99455, 99456, 99487, 99488, 99489, 99495, 99496.

2. The state will make payment under this SPA for the following codes which have been added to the fee schedule since July 1, 2009, (specify code and date added).

a. Procedure codes 99406, 99407 added effective October 1, 2010.
b. Procedure codes 99485, 99486 added effective January 1, 2013.

D. Physician Services – Vaccine Administration

1. For calendar years (CYs) 2013 and 2014, the state reimburses vaccine administration services furnished by physicians meeting the requirements of 42 CFR 447.400(a) at the lesser of the state regional maximum administration fee set by the Vaccines for Children (VFC) program or the Medicare rate in effect in CYs 2013 and 2014 or, if higher, the rate using the CY 2009 conversion factor.

a. State regional maximum administration fee set by the Vaccines for Children program

E. Documentation of Vaccine Administration Rates in Effect 7/1/09

1. The state uses the following methodologies to impute the payment rate in effect at 7/1/09 for code 90460, which was introduced in 2011 as a successor billing code for billing codes 90465 and 90471.

a. A single rate was in effect on 7/1/09 for all vaccine administration services, regardless of billing code. This 2009 rate is: $11.00.

2. Note: This section contains a description of the state's methodology and specifies the affected billing codes.

3. The state reimburses vaccine administration through vaccine product codes. Sub-section H is a crosswalk of the vaccine administration procedure code to the applicable vaccine product codes.

F. Effective Date of Payment

1. E&M Services:
This reimbursement methodology applies to services delivered on and after January 1, 2013, ending on December 31, 2014. All rates are published at
www.dmas.virginia.gov.
2. Vaccine Administration:
This reimbursement methodology applies to services delivered on and after January 1, 2013, ending on December 31, 2014. All rates are published at
www.dmas.virginia.gov.

G. Additional Information

1. Provider Attestation:
All physicians who attest on or before March 31, 2013 will be eligible for higher payments for dates of service on or after January 1, 2013. After that date, physicians will be eligible for higher payments for dates of service on or after the beginning of the month of self-attestation.
2. Claims History and Audit Criteria:

a. Medicaid and Medicaid expansion program claims in the fee-for service and managed care program
b. Eligible E&M procedure codes in the range 99201 to 99499
c. Eligible vaccine product codes defined as the vaccine product codes in effect for the VFC Program for members under 19 years old
d. Paid claims in latest calendar year from the practitioner and Medicare Part B crossover claims files
e. Claim count determined by individual claim line processed and paid

H. INCREASED PRIMARY CARE SERVICE PAYMENT

VACCINE ADMINISTRATION FEE CROSSWALK
CALENDAR YEARS 2013 - 2014

¹Vaccine Product Code 90660 deleted effective June 30, 2013.

²Vaccine Product Codes 90672 and 90686 effective July 1, 2013.

³Vaccine Product Code 90685 effective October 1, 2013.

⁴Vaccine Product Code 90644 effective December 1, 2013.

⁵Vaccine Product Code 90718 deleted effective December 31, 2012.

A. Reimbursement for preventive nutritional therapy as defined per Supplement 3 to State Plan Attachment 3.1A&B page 2 of 8 under Preventative Services shall be paid at the lowest of: The State Agency Fee Schedule, actual charges or Medicare (Title XXVIII) allowances. Nutritional providers are defined per Supplement 3, State Plan Attachment 3.1 A&B, pages 1 and 2.

B. Except as otherwise noted in the plan, state-developed fee schedule rates are the same for both governmental and private providers of preventive nutritional therapy services. The agency’s fee schedule (rate) was last updated on January 1, 2014, and is effective for services provided on or after that date. All rates are published on the agency’s website at www.dmas.virginia.gov.

C. Payment for preventive nutritional therapy shall be limited to CPT code 97802 (4 units in 12 months) and CPT code 97803 (2 units in 12 months). The payment unit of service is a time-based code where 1 unit is equivalent to 15 minutes.